Cấu trúc câu chẻ lớp 11
Câu chẻ (Cleft Sentence) - một trong những cấu trúc Tiếng Anh quan trọng nằm trong chương trình học sách mới lớp 11 năm học 2023 - 2024. Với mong muốn giúp bạn đọc nắm chắc cấu trúc câu chẻ trong Tiếng Anh, VnDoc.com đã đăng tải tài liệu ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh dưới đây. Tài liệu gồm toàn bộ định nghĩa, cách dùng cấu chẻ, các cấu trúc câu chẻ khác nhau như: Câu chẻ bị động, Câu chẻ nhấn mạnh vào chủ ngữ, Câu chẻ nhấn mạnh vào động từ, Câu chẻ nhấn mạnh vào tân ngữ,... và bài luyện tập nhỏ giúp học sinh lớp 11 ôn tập hiệu quả.
Câu chẻ Tiếng Anh lớp 11 chương trình mới
I. Câu chẻ là gì? Cách dùng câu chẻ lớp 11
- Câu chẻ tên gọi khác của câu nhấn mạnh, gồm có 2 mệnh đề, trong đó mệnh đề thứ nhất là mệnh đề sử dụng với mục đích cần nhấn mạnh, mệnh đề thứ hai là mệnh đề phụ có tác dụng bổ ngữ cho mệnh đề thứ nhất.
– Câu chẻ dùng để nhấn mạnh một thành phần nào đó của câu.
II. Công thức câu chẻ tiếng Anh 11
1. Câu chẻ nhấn mạnh vào chủ ngữ.
It + (be) + S + who/that + V…
Ex: Lan is the best dancer. (Lan là người nhảy giỏi nhất).
➔ It is Lan who is the best dancer. (Đây là Lan người mà nhảy giỏi nhất).
2. Câu chẻ nhấn mạnh vào động từ.
S + Auxilliar + Vinf…
➔ Câu chẻ nhấn mạnh động từ ta dùng trợ động từ tương đương với thời động từ chính của câu và động từ chính ở dạng nguyên thể.
Ex:
I finished all my work yesterday.
(Tôi đã kết thúc tất cả công việc của tôi ngày mai).
➔ I did finish all my work yesterday.
(Tôi đã kết thúc tất cả công việc của tôi ngày mai).
3. Câu chẻ nhấn mạnh vào tân ngữ.
It + be + (tân ngữ) + that/whom + S + V.
Ex:
I gave her a pen last night. (Tôi đã tặng cô ấy một chiếc bút tối qua).
➔ It was her whom I gave a pen last night.
(Cô ấy người mà tôi đã tặng một chiếc bút tối qua).
4. Câu chẻ nhấn mạnh vào các thành phần khác của câu.
It + be + (thành phần câu cần được nhấn mạnh) + that + S + V.
Ex: She lives in a small house. (Cô ấy sống trong một ngôi nhà nhỏ).
➔ It is a small house that she lives in.
(Nó là một ngôi nhà nhỏ nơi mà cô ấy sống).
III. Câu chẻ trong câu bị động.
Câu chủ động: It + be + (tân ngữ) + that/whom + S + V.
Câu bị động: It + be + N + that/whom + tobe + Ved/PII + … + by O(S).
Ex:
Jim gave her boyfriend a lot of gifts.
(Cô gái này đã tặng cho bạn trai cô ấy rất nhiều quà).
➔ It was Jim’s boyfriend whom was given a lot of gifts.
(Bạn trai của Jim người mà đã được tặng rất nhiều quà bởi cô ấy).
IV. Bài tập về câu chẻ có đáp án
Câu chẻ là dạng cấu trúc khá phổ biến trong các bài tập tiếng anh lớp 11. Các bạn cần nắm vững lý thuyết bên trên và làm các bài tập ngay sau đây để củng cố. Dưới đây là một vài bài tập nhỏ chúng tôi đã tổng hợp dành cho các bạn:
Bài 1. Viết lại câu không làm thay đổi nghĩa và use cấu trúc câu chẻ với từ được gạch chân.
1. Gim will visit my grandparents next month.
➔ _________________________________. (will be)
2. Her father hit this dog in the yard.
➔ _________________________________. (was)
3. His girlfriend made some candies for his birthday’s party.
➔ _________________________________. (was)
4. Tom passed the test last week.
➔ _________________________________. (was)
5. We were born in Hanoi.
➔ _________________________________. (that)
6. They cleaned the doors this morning.
➔ _________________________________. (cleaned)
1. It will be Gim who visit my grandparents next month.
2. It was this dog that her father hit in the yard.
3. It was his girlfriend who made some candies for his birthday’s party.
4. It was last week that Tom passed the test.
5. It was Hanoi that We were born in.
6. It was the doors that were cleaned this morning.
Bài 2. Rewrite these sentences with the same meaning and using the cleft sentences with underlined word:
1. My father usually complains about my students whenever they go to my house.
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2. I used to like climbing up tress and pick fruits.
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3. My neighbors always make noise at night.
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4. We often complain about the noise at night.
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5. You gave her a bunch of rose last week.
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6. Our English teacher is the greatest teacher in the world.
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7. The earthquake destroyed everything two years ago.
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8. My recent computer helps me a lots in preparing tasks for my students.
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9. My students’ bad behavior made me sad yesterday morning.
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10. The man gave her the book.
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11. He bought two houses on Nguyen Trai Street at the age of 25. (that)
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12. Students usually ask the teacher a lot of interesting questions. (who)
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13. My mom is making some cakes for our dinner. (that)
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14. The poor girl won first prize in the singing competition. (that)
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15. My friend gave me a present at my birthday party. (that)
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16. We really enjoy doing volunteer work. (that)
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1. It is my father that/who usually complains about my students whenever they go to my house.
2. It was I that/who used to like climbing up tress and pick fruits.
3. It is my neighbors who/that always make noise at night.
4. It is we who/that often complain about the noise at night.
5.It was you/that who gave her a bunch of rose last week.
6.It is our English teacher who/that is the greatest teacher in the world.
7.It was the earthquake that destroyed everything two years ago.
8. It is my recent computer that helps me a lots in preparing tasks for my students.
9. It was my student’s bad behavior that made me sad yesterday morning.
10. It was the man who/that gave her the book.
11. It was at the age of 25 that he bought two houses on Nguyen Trai Street.
12. It is the teacher who students usually ask a lot of interesting questions.
13. It is for our dinner that my mom is making some cakes.
14. It was first prize that the poor girl won in the singing competition.
15. It was at my birthday party that my friend gave me a present.
16. It is volunteer work that we really enjoy doing.
Bài 3: Reorder the words to make complete sentences.
Bài 3: Reorder the words to make complete sentences.
1. It/ he/ his/ that/ changed/ father's/ a/ after/ was/ death / lot./ himself
________________________________________
2. going/ to/ am/ I/ the / Tokyo/ that/ in / It/ is/ holiday./ spend
________________________________________
3. USA/ 2008/ got/It/ the / married./ in/ settled/ down/ he/ was/ that/ in/ and
________________________________________
4. that/ It/ mom/ was/ their/ gave / on/ wedding / anniversary / dad/ diamond/ ring./ my/ my/ a/
________________________________________
5. some/ It/ in / boyfriend/ me/ took / beautiful/ photos/ my/ was / who/ for/ Japan.
________________________________________
6. most/ arriving late/ is/ annoying/ what/ I find
________________________________________
7. gets you/ not/ that/ fit/ it’s/ miracle products/ working out
________________________________________
8. romantic films/ about/ hate/ are/ I/ what/ cliches/ most
________________________________________
9. is/ most/ the/ I/ Judi Dench/ admire/ stage actor/ that/
________________________________________
10. stressed/ why/ the/ I’m/ reason/ I/ is/ that/ at school/ exams/
________________________________________
1. It was after his father’s death that he changed himself a lot.
2. It is in Tokyo that I am going to spend the holiday.
3. It was in 2008 that he settled down in the USA and got married.
4. It was on their wedding anniversary that my dad have my mom a diamond ring.
5. It was my boyfriend who took some beautiful photos for me in Japan.
6. What I find most annoying is arriving late.
7. It’s working out that gets you fit, not micracle products.
8. What I hate most about romantic movies are clinches.
9. The stage actor I admire the most is Judi Dench.
10. The reason I’m stressed at school is exams.
Bài 4: Choose the correct sentence that is written using the underlined part and cleft sentence with “It”.
1. He spent his summer vacation in Da Lat.
A. It is in Da Lat that he spent his summer vacation.
B. It was in Da Lat that he spent his summer vacation.
C. It is in Da Lat that he spends his summer vacation.
D. It was in Da Lat where he spends his summer vacation.
2. Candidates all over the world took part in the competition with great enthusiasm.
A. It is great enthusiasm that candidates all over the world took part in the competition.
B. It was great enthusiasm that candidates all over the world took part in the competition.
C. It was with great enthusiasm that candidates all over the world took part in the competition.
D. It is with great enthusiasm which candidates all over the world take part the competition.
3. He gains impressive achievements at the age of 20.
A. It is at the age of 20 that he gains impressive achievements.
B. It was at the age of 20 that he gains impressive achievements.
C. It is at the age of 20 that he gained impressive achievements.
D. It was at the age of 20 that he gained impressive achievements.
4. Mary made a great contribution to her husband's success.
A. It is Mary who made a great contribution to her husband's success.
B. It was Mary who makes a great contribution to her husband's success.
C. It was Mary who made a great contribution for her husband's success.
D. It was Mary who made a great contribution to her husband's success.
5. Most parents are willing to lend their ear to their children.
A. They are their children that most parents are willing to lend their ear to.
B. It is their children that most parents are willing to lend their ear to.
C. They are their children that most parents are willing to lend their ear.
D. It is their children that most parents are willing to lend their ear.
1. B | 2. C | 3. A | 4. D | 5. B |
Bài 5. Rewrite the following sentences, using the cleft sentences “It is/ was … that” to emphasize the underlined words or phrases
1. Many teenagers spend a lot of time thinking and talking about being in a relationship.
_______________________________________
2. Welsh boys gave hand - carved wooden spoons to girl as a symbol of their love
_______________________________________
3. Dating is left for the college years in Japan
_______________________________________
4. Once married, the South Korean man expect his wife to be a more traditional woman.
_______________________________________
5. A South Korean boy often holds his girlfriend’s handbag during a date.
_______________________________________
6. The droughtmade many people suffer in this area.
_______________________________________
7. We climbed to the top of the volcanoduring our excursion.
_______________________________________
8. Renewable energywill provide a better environment for all of us.
_______________________________________
9. The environmentalist at the conferenceexplained how renewable energy resources will change the environment.
_______________________________________
10. The firefighter savedmany lives from the fire yesterday.
_______________________________________
1. It is many teenagers that spend a lot of time thinking and talking about being a relationship
2. It was hand - carved spoons that Welsh boys gave to girls as a symbol of their love
3. It is for the college years that dating is left in Japan
4. Once married, it is a more traditional woman that the South Korean man expect his wife to be.
5. It is his girlfriend’s handbag that a South Korean boy often holds during a date.
6. It was the drought that made people suffer in this area.
7. The top of the volcano was (the place) where we climbed during our excursion.
8. It’s renewable energy that will provide a better environment for all of us.
9. It was the environmentalist at the conference who explained how renewable energy resources will change the environment.
10. What the firefighter did was (to) save many lives from the fire yesterday.
Bài 6. Complete each gap with one of the words in the box. Where necessary (but only where necessary) add that.
person | day | way | place | thing | reason |
1.The ____________ you really need to speak to is Mike, the guy standing by the fire.
2.One ____________ I've asked you here today is to talk about last week's sales.
3.The ____________ really got my goal was that he never even apologized.
4.The main ____________ I want to talk to you is to discuss your future.
5.The ____________ it works is that you press this button here and hey presto!
6.The ____________ we got married was the happiest day of my life.
7. One ____________ I'll never forget is Ba Na Hills.
8.The ____________ you need to remember is that he's only a child.
9.The ____________ impressed me the most was Mary; she really knew her stuff.
10. One ____________ to get it through the door is to put it on its end.
1.The _____pearson_______ you really need to speak to is Mike, the guy standing by the fire.
2. One _____reason_______ I've asked you here today is to talk about last week's sales.
3.The _____thing that_______ really got my goal was that he never even apologized.
4.The main _____reason_______ I want to talk to you is to discuss your future.
5.The _____way_______ it works is that you press this button here and hey presto!
6.The ______day______ we got married was the happiest day of my life.
7. One _____place_______ I'll never forget is Ba Na Hills.
8.The _____thing_______ you need to remember is that he's only a child.
9.The _____person that_______ impressed me the most was Mary; she really knew her stuff.
10. One _____way_______ to get it through the door is to put it on its end.
Bài 7: Rewrite the following sentences using the words given in bold.
1. We just need 3 minutes to fix it. (all)
_____________________________________________
2. I'm not questioning her dedication, (isn't)
_____________________________________________
3. Those men are totally ruthless, (what)
_____________________________________________
4. We inherited everything except the garden, (only thing)
_____________________________________________
5. You know the shop assistant told me exactly the same thing, (that's)
_____________________________________________
6. We're cleaning the house, (doing)
_____________________________________________
1. All we need is 3 minutes (to fix it).
2. It isn't her dedication (that) I'm questioning.
3. What those men are is totally ruthless.
4. The only thing we didn't inherit was the garden./ The garden was the only thing we didn't inherit.
5. That's exactly what the shop assistant told me.
6. What we are doing is cleaning the house.
Bài 8: Use a cleft sentence to rewrite the following statements. The emphasis is put on the word in bold.
1. The person who told me about the hotel was Keith.
_____________________________________________
2. Only when the plane landed I felt a great sense of relief.
_____________________________________________
3. I left because I felt ill.
_____________________________________________
4. Sarah saw a plane not a UFO.
_____________________________________________
5. I had to borrow my father’s car to go to the job interview.
_____________________________________________
6. The reason why I’ve come is to discusss my future with you.
_____________________________________________
1. It was Kieth the person who told me about the hotel.
2. It was only when the plane landed that I felt a great sense of relief.
3. It was because I felt ill that I left.
4. It was a plane that Sarah saw, not an UFO.
5. It was my father’s car that I had to borrow to go to the job interview.
6. It is to discuss my future with the reason that I’ve come.
Bài 9. Transform the following sentences into cleft sentences
1. I wanted to buy a vintage auto because of my nostalgia for bygone auto designs.
______________________________________________
2. Driving a vintage car makes you stand out in a crowd.
______________________________________________
3. The beautiful design of the classic Thunderbird makes owning it a jou.
______________________________________________
4. The 1957 Chevy is so special because of its two-toned exterior and its graceful fins.
______________________________________________
5. Muscles cars are exciting to own because of their unique design features and tremendous power.
______________________________________________
1. It was my nostalgia for bygone auto design that made me want to buy a vingtage auto.
2. What makes you stand out in a crowd is driving a vintage car.
3. What makes owing a classic Thunderbird a joy is its beautiful design.
4. What makes the 1957 Chevy so special is its two-toned exterior and its graceful fins.
5. What makes muscle cars so exciting to own are the unique design feature and its tremendous power
Bài 10. Choose the best option to complete the cleft sentences
1. ______________ my friend came to see me late
A. It was last night that
B. It was last night which
C. It was last night when
D. It was last night whom
2. _________ the little boy greeted in a strange language
A. It was his grandfather whom
B. It was his grandfather who
C. It was his grandfather that
D. It was his grandfather which
3. _________ asked the policeman a lot of questions
A. It was the pedestrian whom
B. It was the pedestrian what
C. It was the pedestrian who
D. It was the pedestrian when
4. ___________ the boy scored the goal.
A. It was for his team whom
B. It was for his team what
C. It was for his team that
D. It was for his team which
5. ___________ my wife to me on my last birthday party
A. It was this T - shirt that
B. It was this T -shirt which
C. It was this T - shirt who
D. It was this T - shirt whom
6. _________ the woman gave him.
A. It was the English book which
B. It was the English book what
C. It was the English book that
D. It was the English who
1. A | 2. A | 3. C | 4. C | 5. A | 6. C |
Fill in it or what
1. ….…………. was the beautiful blue color that convinced me to buy the Cadillac.
2. ….…………. was the idea of being in a vintage car parade that helped me make my decision.
3. ….…………. I need now are the funds to make the purchase.
4. ….………….was the gorgeous whitewall tires that made the car all the more attractive.
5. ….…………. I wanted most now was the classic muscle car I saw in the showroom.
6. ….…………. thrilled me most about the 1955 Thunderbird was its classic design.
7. ….…………. was the sleek fins on the light blue Thunderbird that made me like the car so much.
1. It was the beautiful blue color that convinced me to buy the Cadillac.
2. It was the idea of being in a vintage car parade that helped me make my decision.
3. What I need now are the funds to make the purchase.
4. It was the gorgeous whitewall tires that made the car all the more attractive.
5. What I wanted most now was the classic muscle car I saw in the showroom.
6. What thrilled me most about the 1955 Thunderbird was its classic design.
7. It was the sleek fins on the light blue Thunderbird that made me like the car so much.
Bài 11 Rewrite these following sentences
1. I was most unhappy with the service.
⇒ What........ (to be unhappy with)
2. I can’t stand the noise.
⇒ It’s ........ (the noise)
3. David didn’t pay for the wedding ring, Anna did.
⇒ It ........ (David)
⇒ It ........(Anna)
4. He’s always late. It really annoys me.
⇒ What........ (to annoy)
5. Did you choose the furniture?
⇒ Was........ (you)
1. What I was most unhappy with was the service.
2. It’s the noise that I can’t stand.
3. It was David who didn’t pay for the wedding ring.
It was Sara who did pay for te wedding ring.
4. What really annoys me is that he’salways late.
5. Was it you who chose the furniture.
Rewrite each sentence to emphasize the underlined phrase, starting with It was... Look carefully at the underlined words in the last two questions.
1. He first heard about it from Mary.
2. She got the job because she was the best qualified.
3. Mike first met Jenny when they were both studying in London.
4. I only realized who he was when he started speaking.
5. I didn'thear about it until yesterday.
6. Sheila hid the book under the mattress.
7. Sheila hid the bookunder the mattress.
8. Sheila hid the book under the mattress.
9. I have to call on Mondayto schedule an appointment.
10. I have to call on Monday to schedule an appointment.
1. It was from Mary that he first heard about it.
2. It was because she was the best qualified that she got the job.
3. It was when they were both studying in London that Mike first met Jenny.
4. It was when he started speaking that I only realized who he was.
5. It was not until yesterday that I heard about it.
6. It was under the mattress that Sheila hid the book.
7. It was under the mattress that Sheila hid the book.
8. It was under the mattress that Sheila hid the book.
9. It is on Monday that I have to call to schedule an appointment.
10. It is on Monday that I have to call to schedule an appointment.
Trên đây là toàn bộ nội dung của Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh lớp 11: Câu Chẻ.
