Tiếng Anh 12 Unit 7 lesson 2 i-Learn Smart World

Tiếng Anh 12 Smart World Unit 7 lesson 2 Urbanization

Giải sách giáo khoa tiếng Anh 12 i-Learn Smart World unit 7 lesson 2 bao gồm gợi ý đáp án chi tiết các phần bài tập tiếng Anh xuất hiện trong Lesson 2 unit 7 Urbanization SGK i-Learn Smart World lớp 12 giúp các em chuẩn bị bài tập tại nhà hiệu quả.

Let's Talk!

In pairs: Look at the pictures. What problems can you see? What do you think can cause problems like these? Theo cặp: Quan sát các bức tranh. Bạn có thể thấy những vấn đề gì? Bạn nghĩ điều gì có thể gây ra những vấn đề như thế này?

Đáp án

Picture 1: Traffic jams cause a lot of vehicle emissions. This can cause by reliance on fossil fuels, particularly gasoline and diesel, in combustion engines.

Picture 2: Next to the shanty houses is a polluted river. This can cause by inadequate waste management practices, including improper disposal of garbage and untreated sewage, which contaminate the water with pollutants and toxins.

Picture 3: A lot of people are waiting for the subway. This can cause by insufficient capacity to meet the demand, stemming from factors such as limited infrastructure, inadequate frequency of trains, or delays in the service due to technical issues or overcrowding.

Picture 4: A beggar is asking for money. This can cause by economic hardship, including poverty, unemployment, or lack of access to basic resources and social support systems, which compel individuals to seek assistance through begging as a means of survival.

New Words 

a. Read the words and definitions, then fill in the blanks. Listen and repeat. Đọc các từ và định nghĩa, sau đó điền vào chỗ trống. Lắng nghe và lặp lại.

poverty: the state of being extremely poor

fine: money that you must pay when you break a rule

living wage: enough money (from a job) for a person to afford the things that they need in order to live

inequality: a situation in which some groups in a society have more advantages than others

slum: a crowded area where very poor people live in tow-quality housing

sanitation: the service of keeping things clean enough not to damage people's health

healthcare: the activity or business of providing medical services

1. The people who live in the slum next to the river are very poor and live in terrible conditions.

2. I like my job because it pays me a _____ _, and I can have a comfortable life.

3. I had to pay a _ when the police caught me throwing trash into the river.

4. This area is very dirty because there aren't any____ services.

5. The cost of living is very high in the city, so ___ is becoming a problem.

6. This city has very rich and very poor people living next to each other, so _ ___ is a big problem.

7. If people get sick today, its not as bad as before because there are more modem _ ____ services available.

Đáp án

2. living wage

3. fine

4. sanitation

5. poverty

6. inequality

7. healthcare

b. Add the words in the box to the table. Thêm những từ dưới hộp vào bảng.

living wage, sanitation, unemployment, poverty, slum, overcrowding, entertainment, inequality, healthcare, education, diseases, crime, employment opportunities

good things:

bad things:

Đáp án

good things: Employment opportunities, entertainment, healthcare, education, living wage, sanitation

bad things: Poverty, unemployment, slum, overcrowding, inequality, diseases, crime

c. In pairs: Use the new words to talk about problems that cities can have. Theo cặp: Sử dụng những từ mới để nói về những vấn đề mà thành phố có thể gặp phải.

Sanitation is a problem in some cities because they are too crowded.

There are many slums in some cities because of urbanization.

Đáp án

Poverty remains a pressing issue in many communities, depriving individuals of basic necessities and opportunities for advancement.

Reading

a. Read the article about urbanization. Which problem is NOT mentioned? Choose the correct answer. Đọc bài viết về đô thị hóa. Vấn đề nào KHÔNG được đề cập? Chọn câu trả lời đúng.

1. dangerous roads 

2. trash 

3. high cost of living 

Đáp án

1. dangerous roads 

b. Now, read and choose the correct answers. Đọc và chọn đáp án đúng.

Đáp án

1. A

2. A

3. C

4. B

5. B

c. Listen and read. Nghe và đọc.

d. In pairs: Can you think of any more problems caused by urbanization? Làm theo cặp: Bạn có thể nghĩ ra thêm vấn đề nào khác do đô thị hóa gây ra không?

Đáp án

A: Can you think of any more problems caused by urbanization?

B: Yes, I think crime can increase in big cities because there are more people and sometimes not enough jobs.

A: That’s a good point. Also, I heard that noise pollution is a big issue—too many cars, construction, and crowded places.

B: True. And don’t forget about waste. Cities produce a lot of garbage, and it’s hard to manage all of it.

A: Right! If it’s not handled properly, it can harm the environment and people’s health.

B: Exactly. So urbanization has many challenges, not just traffic or housing.

Grammar

a. Read about causatives (Active and Passive), then fill in the blanks. Đọc về câu sai khiến (Chủ động và Bị động), sau đó điền vào chỗ trống.

We shouldn’t (1)___ people ___car in the city.

Yes, banning cars will (2) ___ people _ _ public transportation.

Đáp án

We shouldn’t let people drive cars in the city.

Yes, banning cars will make people use public transportation.

b. Listen and check. Listen again and repeat. Nghe và kiểm tra. Nghe lại và lặp lại.

c. Underline the mistakes and write the correct words on the lines. Gạch dưới những lỗi sai và viết những từ đúng vào dòng.

1. I don't think we should let people built slums.

2. We should let some new trash cans installed in the city center.

3. I think that we need to have the streets clean up.

4. We should make all companies paid a living wage.

5. Let's have some volunteers to clean up the park.

6. We should get the police gave larger fines to people.

7. If we have new roads build, it will reduce congestion.

Đáp án

1 - built sửa thành build

2 - installed sửa thành be installed 

3 - clean sửa thành cleaned

4 - paid sửa thành pay

5 -  to clean sửa thành clean

6 - gave sửa thành to give

7 - build sửa thành built

d. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs in the box. Điền vào chỗ trống dạng đúng của động từ trong khung.

Fine clean up live 

Build  play provide pick up

1. The sidewalks are really dirty. We should get them ____

2. We can't make people ____ trash in other peoples neighborhoods. It's not fair to them.

3. It's so noisy in my neighborhood at night. They shouldn't let people ____ loud music after 9 p.m.

4. Can we get the government ____ free bicycles to residents to improve the traffic problem?

5. The mayor is going to have police officers_____ people for littering in the streets.

6. We have so many resources available today that we shouldn't let anyone _____ in poverty.

7. The government should have more houses _____because the population is rising so quickly.

Đáp án

1 - cleaned up

2 - pick up

3 - play

4 - to provide

5 - fined

6 - live

7 - built

e. In pairs: Say how a city should be improved using the prompts below. Theo cặp: Cho biết thành phố nên được cải thiện như thế nào bằng cách sử dụng các gợi ý bên dưới.

volunteers/clean up/beach trash cans/install/near/school not/let/companies/create too much waste make/people/take the bus

I think that we should get volunteers to dean up the beach.

Đáp án

To improve the city, we should have trash cans installed near schools to encourage proper waste disposal among students.

Pronunciation 

a. When we say 'should', we often use the weak form /ʃəd/ Khi chúng ta nói 'nên', chúng ta thường sử dụng dạng yếu /ʃəd/

He should go. /hiʃədɡoʊ/

b. Listen. Notice the sound changes of the underlined words. Nghe. Chú ý sự thay đổi âm thanh của các từ được gạch chân.

Cities should help solve this problem by making people use public transportation.

They should have workers clean up the park.

c. Listen and cross out the sentence that doesn't follow the note in Task a. Nghe và gạch bỏ câu không theo ghi chú ở bài tập a.

People should do more to help keep their city clean.

They should fine people for littering in the park.

Đáp án

They should fine people for littering in the park.

d. Practice reading the sentences with the sound changes noted in Task a to a partner. Luyện đọc các câu có sự thay đổi âm thanh được ghi chú trong Bài tập a cho bạn cùng lớp.

Practice

a. Listen, then take turns asking and answering about how to solve the problems below using the prompts. Nghe, sau đó lần lượt hỏi và trả lời về cách giải quyết các vấn đề dưới đây bằng cách sử dụng gợi ý.

Hi, Danh. How can we reduce air pollution in our city?

Hmm ...We should make people ride bicycles.

Good idea! And we shouldn't let them drive cars.

Đáp án

Person 1: How do you think we can address the issue of air pollution in our city?

Person 2: Well, one solution could be to make people ride bicycles and not let people drive cars. This would reduce emissions and improve air quality.

Person 1: That's a good idea. What about tackling unemployment?

Person 2: We could let people study for free to increase their skills and employability. Additionally, having a new mall built could create job opportunities in retail and construction sectors.

Person 1: That makes sense. Another problem we need to address is poor sanitation. Any thoughts on that?

Person 2: We should have trash cans installed in public areas to encourage proper waste disposal. Also, we could make people pay fines for littering to deter littering behavior and keep our city clean.

Person 1: Agreed. What about overcrowding? It seems like our city is becoming too crowded.

Person 2: We could have new apartment buildings built to provide more housing options and alleviate overcrowding. Additionally, having businesses invest in rural areas could help decentralize population growth.

Person 1: That could work. Lastly, what should we do about water pollution?

Person 2: We should make companies pay fines for polluting rivers to deter harmful practices. We could also have volunteers clean up rivers regularly to maintain water quality.

Person 1: Sounds like a comprehensive approach. Lastly, how can we tackle traffic congestion?

Person 2: We should have roads made wider to accommodate more vehicles and reduce congestion. Additionally, having a subway system built could provide an alternative mode of transportation, easing traffic congestion on the roads.

b. Practice with your own ideas. Thực hành với ý của bạn.

Speaking

HOW CAN WE SOLVE IT

a. You're city planners working at City Hall discussing urbanization problems. In pairs: Think of three problems caused by urbanization and discuss things that you should have people and companies in the city do. Add your best ideas to the table below. Bạn là những nhà quy hoạch thành phố đang làm việc tại Tòa thị chính để thảo luận về các vấn đề đô thị hóa. Theo cặp: Hãy nghĩ về ba vấn đề do đô thị hóa gây ra và thảo luận những điều mà bạn nên yêu cầu người dân và các công ty trong thành phố thực hiện. Thêm những ý tưởng hay nhất của bạn vào bảng dưới đây.

Đáp án

Problems	Solutions
Traffic congestion	encourage people to carpool or use public transportation more often
increasing pollution	have companies implement stricter environmental regulations and invest in cleaner technologies to reduce their emissions

b. Join another pair. Share your problems and solutions. Which ideas would improve the city the most? Why? Tham gia một cặp khác. Chia sẻ vấn đề và giải pháp của bạn. Ý tưởng nào sẽ cải thiện thành phố nhiều nhất? Tại sao?

Đáp án

Encouraging people to carpool or use public transportation more often would have the most significant impact on improving the city by alleviating traffic congestion and reducing pollution from vehicles.