Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh lớp 11 Unit 10 Healthy Lifestyle And Longevity
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English 11 Grammar Unit 10: Healthy Lifestyle And Longevity
1. Conditionals in reported speech
When we use reporting verbs in the present, verb tenses in conditional sentences remain unchanged in reported speech, but when the reporting verbs are written in the past:
- Conditional type 1: we apply all the necessary changes as usual: changes of verb tenses, pronouns, adverbs of time and place,
- Conditional type 0, 2 and 3 : we don’t change the verb tenses, but we follow the rules to change pronouns, adverbs of time and place.
Eg:
1. "People die if they don't drink water in three days", he said. (Type 0)
=> He said (that) people die if they don't drink water in three days.
2. "If you miss the bus, you'll be late for the meeting", my husband said (Type 1)
=> My husband said if I miss the bus, I'll be late for the meeting. (reported simultaneously; the bus hasn't arrived yet.)
=> My husband said if I missed the bus, I'd be late for the meeting.
(The reported statement is out-of-date; she was probably late for the meeting) "
3. If I were rich, I could buy a car." (Type 2)
=> He said if he were rich, he could buy a car.
2. Reported speech with to-infinitive and gerund
a. We use gerund in reported speech as follows.
|
1. S + V + gerund. |
|
- Verbs: admit, deny, recommend, regret, allow, advise, suggest, .... |
- Eg: Direct: She said to me, “I broke the vase of flowers”.
--> Indirect: She admitted breaking the vase of flowers.
|
2. S + V + preposition + gerund. |
|
- Verbs: apologize (to sb) for…, dream of..., insist on…., object to.... |
Eg: Direct: She said to me, “I’m sorry. I broke the vase of flowers.”
--> Indirect: She apologized (to me) for breaking the vase of flowers.
|
3. S + V + O + preposition + gerund. |
|
- Verbs: accuse…..…of, blame…..…for, congratulate….…..on, prevent…....from, thank…….for, warn ..…against, ect |
- Eg: Direct: Mary told Peter, “It was your fault. You didn’t tell me the truth”.
--> Indirect: Mary blamed Peter for not telling her the truth.
b. We use to- infinitive in reported speech as follows.
|
1. S + V + to-infinitive. |
|
- Verbs: promise, hope, claim, agree, demand, offer, prefer, refuse, threaten,ect. |
- Eg: Customer: I don't think I'll buy this notebook after all.
The customer decided not to buy the notebook.
|
2. S + V + O + to-infinitive. |
|
- Verbs: tell sb..., order sb..., invite sb..., ask sb, remind sb, advise sb, allow sb, ect |
- Eg: Direct: Mary told Peter, “You should go to the doctor soon”.
--> Indirect: Mary advised Peter to go to the doctor soon.
3. Bài tập vận dụng
Change the following sentences to Indirect speech.
1. Mark said, "I went camping 5 days ago."
___________________________________________
2. "If Brain doesn't train harder, I won't select him for the team" said the manager.
___________________________________________
3. "Our correspondent in Paris sent this report some days ago" said the editor in-chief.
___________________________________________
4. "How long have you been waiting here?" the girl asked me.
___________________________________________
5. "Do not write on the wall" said the teacher to the boys.
___________________________________________
1. Mark said he had gone camping 5 days before.
2. The manager said if Brain didn’t train harder, he wouldn’t select him for the team.
3. The editor in-chief said that their correspondent in Paris had sent that report some days before.
4. The girl asked me how long I had been waiting there.
5. The teacher to the boys not to write on the wall.
Choose the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.
1. "Would you like to go to the cinema with me tonight?" he said to me.
A. He invited me to go to the cinema with him that night.
B. He offered me to go to the cinema with him tonight.
C. He asked me if I'd like to go to the cinema with him tonight.
D. He would like me to go to the cinema with him this night.
2. "If I were you, rd marry him." she said to me.
A. She said to me that if I were you, I'd marry him.
B. She will marry him if she is me.
C. She suggested to marry him if she were me.
D. She advised me to marry him.
3. "I'm sorry for being late again." said Lisa.
A. I felt sorry for Lisa's being late again.
B. Lisa was sorry for my being late again.
C. Lisa excused for my being late again.
D. Lisa apologized for being late again.
4. The captain to his men:"Leave there immediately!"
A. The captain suggested his men leave there immediately.
B. The captain ordered his men to leave there immediately.
C. The captain invited his men to leave there immediately.
D. The captain requested his men to leave there immediately.
5. "Go on, Mary! Apply for the job", the mother said.
A. The mother wanted Mary not to apply for the job.
B. The mother invited Mary to apply for the job.
C. The mother denied applying for the job.
D. The mother encouraged Mary to apply for the job.
|
1. A |
2. D |
3. D |
4. B |
5. D |
Trên đây là toàn bộ nội dung của Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh lớp 11 Unit 10 Healthy Lifestyle And Longevity.
