Câu bị động trong tiếng Anh lớp 10
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Passive voice lớp 10
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I. Thể bị động của một số Thì tiếng Anh cơ bản
1. Cách sử dụng và dạng thức của câu bị động
a. Cách sử dụng
- Câu bị động được dùng để nhấn mạnh vào hành động hơn là người thực hiện hành động đó.
Ex: Daniel will be picked up at the airport by his cousin.
Daniel sẽ được đón ở sân bay bởi người anh họ của cậu ấy.
- Ngoài ra câu bị động còn được dùng khi chúng ta không biết rõ ai/cái gì đã thực hiện hành động.
Ex: The painting was stolen.
Bức tranh đã bị lấy cắp.
b. Dạng thức của câu bị động
Câu chủ động:
S + V + O
Câu bị động:
S + to be + V.p.p. + (by O).
LƯU Ý: Chủ ngữ trong câu chủ động trở thành tân ngữ được giới thiệu sau giới từ "by", còn tân ngữ trong câu chủ động trở thành chủ ngữ trong câu bị động. V.p.p là động từ ở dạng phân từ hai.
Ex: Susan will look after the children.
Susan sẽ chăm sóc lũ trẻ.
→ The children will be looked after by Susan.
Lũ trẻ sẽ được chăm sóc bởi Susan.
LƯU Ý: Các chủ ngữ people, they, we, someone khi chuyển sang câu bị động trở thành by people, by them, by us, by someone. Các thành phần này thường được bỏ đi.
Ex: They don't speak English in this country.
Họ không nói tiếng Anh ở đất nước này.
English is not spoken in this country.
Tiếng Anh không được nói ở đất nước này.
2. Câu bị động ở một số thì cơ bản
a. Câu bị động ở thì hiện tại đơn
Câu chủ động:
S + V/V(s, es) + O.
Câu bị động:
S+ am/is/are + V.p.p. + (by O).
Ex: I do my homework every day.
Tôi làm bài tập về nhà hàng ngày.
→ My homework is done every day.
Bài tập về nhà của tôi được làm hàng ngày.
People use acupressure and massage to treat certain ailments.
Người ta sử dụng thuật bấm huyệt và mát-xa để chữa một số bệnh nhất định.
→ Acupressure and massage are used to treat certain ailments.
Thuật bấm huyệt và mát-xa được sử dụng để chữa một số bệnh nhất định.
b. Câu bị động ở thì hiện tại tiếp diễn
Câu chủ động:
S + am/is/are + V-ing + O.
Câu bị động:
S + am/is/are + being + V.p.p. + (by O).
Ex: My mother is preparing dinner.
Mẹ tớ đang nấu bữa tối.
→ Dinner is being prepared by my mother.
Bữa tối đang được nấu bởi mẹ tớ.
I am making cakes. Tớ đang làm bánh.
→ Cakes are being made by me.
Bánh đang được làm bởi tớ.
C. Câu bị động ở thì quá khứ đơn
Câu chủ động:
S+ V.(past tense) + O.
Câu bị động:
S+ was/were + V.p.p. + (by O).
Ex: Someone broke into my house last Saturday.
Có người đã đột nhập vào nhà tớ hôm thứ Bảy vừa rồi.
→ My house was broken into last Saturday.
Nhà tớ bị đột nhập vào hôm thứ Bảy vừa rồi.
The teacher told them a funny story.
Cô giáo đã kể cho họ nghe một câu chuyện hài hước.)
→ They were told a funny story by the teacher.
Họ đã được kể cho nghe một câu chuyện hài hước bởi cô giáo.
d. Câu bị động ở thì tương lai đơn
Câu chủ động:
S + will V + O.
Câu bị động:
S + will be + V.p.p. + (by O).
Ex: His mother will look after him. Mẹ cậu ấy sẽ chăm sóc cậu ấy.
→ He will be looked after by his mother. Cậu ấy sẽ được chăm sóc bởi mẹ cậu ấy.
They will try aromatherapy.
Họ sẽ thử phương pháp chữa bệnh bằng tinh dầu thơm.
→ Aromatherapy will be tried.
Phương pháp chữa bệnh bằng tinh dầu thơm sẽ được thử.
e. Câu bị động với "be going to”
Câu chủ động:
S + am/is/are + going to V + O.
Câu bị động:
S + am/is/are + going to be + V.p.p. + (by O).
Ex: They are going to improve the health care system.
Họ sẽ nâng cao hệ thống chăm sóc sức khoẻ.
→ The health care system is going to be improved.
Hệ thống chăm sóc sức khoẻ sẽ được nâng cao.
She is going to write a letter. Cô ấy sẽ viết một bức thư.
→ A letter is going to be written by her. Một lá thư sẽ được viết bởi cô ấy.
f. Câu bị động ở thì hiện tại hoàn thành
Câu chủ động:
S + has/have + V.p.p. + O.
Câu bị động:
S + has/have + been + V.p.p. + (by O).
Ex: They have taken the child to the zoo.
Họ vừa mới đưa đứa trẻ tới tham quan sở thú.
→ The child has been taken to the zoo.
Đứa trẻ vừa được đưa tới tham quan sở thú.
They have just sold out the tickets. Họ vừa bán hết vé.
→ Tickets have just been sold out. Vé vừa mới được bán hết.
II. Thể bị động của động từ khuyết thiếu
Active:
| S + | can / may / must have to used to ought to should | + V |
Passive:
| S + | can / may / must have to should used to ought to should | be + V3 |
Ex: The manager should sign these contracts today.
These contracts should be signed by the manager today.
III. Bài tập câu bị động lớp 10 có đáp án
Change the sentences below into passive voice:
1/ The cat ate a fish.
2/ Children look after their old grandparents.
3/ I saw a nice girl at the party last night.
4/ Do you like toys?
5/ We drink milk every morning.
6/ She’s cleaning the floor now.
7/ She will solve the problem soon.
8/ We’re doing our homework at the moment.
9/ Were you learning your lesson at 7 pm last night?
10/ They’ve just finished their work.
Change the sentences below into active voice:
1/ The tree is being planted in the garden by her father now.
2/ A small house has just been built here by the builders.
3/ The book was written by that famous author.
4/ You will be helped by your teacher.
5/ A rat is being chased by my cat.
6/ We are taught English by Mr. Nguyen.
7/ The lesson is now being explained by Ms. Hoa.
8/ A big hole was dug in the yard by her brother.
9/ Milk will be made by the waitress.
10/ A small package was sent to me last week.
Change the sentences to passive voice.
1. One of the cleaners has found my purse.
2. The robber hit him on the head with a hammer.
3. The government has built a new road in this area.
4. The assistant handed me a note.
5. We elected John class representative.
6. Someone has taken my wallet.
7. Many people use bicycles as a means of transport.
8. They advised me to get a visa.
9. They were rebuilding the old road when I drove by.
10. The local council opened a new shopping centre.
Rewrite the sentence into passive voice.
1. They moved the fridge into the living room.
2. My son finds the new project worthless.
3. He started this work last month.
4. They finished the kitchen’s building on Saturday.
5. We pointed a new marketing manager.
6. People spend a lot of money on advertising everyday .
7. She showed her ticket to the airline agent.
8. He hides the broken cup in the drawer.
9. People speak English all over the world.
10. Thomas Edison invented the phonograph in 1877.
Rewrite the sentence using modal verbs in passive.
1. Ann can't use her office at the moment.
Her office ____________________________
2. I have to finish my work now.
My work ____________________________
3. You must do your task.
Your task______________________________
4. Governments should offer poor women more help.
Poor women ________________________________
5. We must do something before it's too late.
Something ___________________________________________
6. My uncle may earn 500$ a day.
500$ _____________________________
7. He might have caught the fish.
The fish _________________________________
8. They will sue the company for wage discrimination.
The company ___________________________
9. She could have washed the dress.
The dress _________________________________
10. She can't pick many flowers.
Many flowers ____________________________________
Change the sentences into the passive voice by filling in the missing words.
1. People eat 40 million hamburgers every day.
40 million hamburgers ______________________
2. People speak English all over the world
English_______________________
3. Where did they invent gun powder?
Where ________________________
4. The police didn’t find the missing girl last weekend.
The missing girl ________________________
5. Tourists don’t visit this museum very often.
This museum ________________________
Fill in the blank with the correct form of the passive voice
1. The words (to explain - Present simple) ________ by the teacher.
2. My car (to steal - Past simple) _______ while I was gardening.
3. A new restaurant (to open - Future simple) _______ next week
4. Our street (to close - Present continuous) ________ because of snow.
5. A new house (to build - be going to) ________ by my parents next month.
Change the following sentences into Passive Voice
1. People think that all dogs evolved from wolves.
All dogs__________________________________________________
2. They didn’t allow Tom to take these books home.
______________________________________________________________
3. The teacher won’t correct exercises tomorrow.
____________________________________________________________
4. They didn’t look after the children properly.
___________________________________________________________
5. Nobody’s ever treated me with such kindness.
_____________________________________________________________
6. She will get a veterinary surgeon to examine her dog.
She will get _____________________________________________________
7. We had a man take this photograph when we were on holiday last summer.
We had ________________________________________________________
8. People think that many people were killed in the accident .
Many people ___________________________________________________
9. How many languages do they speak in Canada?
_____________________________________________________________
10. Someone had invented electric lights before I was born.
_____________________________________________________________
ĐÁP ÁN
Change the sentences below into passive voice:
1/ A fish was eaten by the cat.
2/ Children’s old grandparents are looked after by the children/ them.
3/ A nice girl was seen at the party last night by me.
4/ Are toys liked by you?
5/ Milk is drunk every morning by us.
6/ The floor is being cleaned now.
7/ The problem will be solved by her soon.
8/ Our homework is being done by us at the moment.
9/ Was your lesson being learned by you at 7 pm last night?
10/ Their work has just been finished.
Change the sentences below into active voice:
1/ Her father is planting the tree in the garden now.
2/ The builders have just built a small house here.
3/ That famous author wrote the book.
4/ Your teacher will help you.
5/ My cat is chasing a rat.
6/ Mr. Nguyen teach us English.
7/ Ms. Hoa is explaining the lesson now.
8/ Her brother dug a big hole in the yard.
9/ The waitress will make milk.
10/ Someone sent a small package to me last week./ Someone sent me a small package last week.
Change the sentences to passive voice.
1. My purse has been found by one of the cleaners.
2. He was hit on the head with a hammer (by the robber).
3. A new road has been built in this area (by the government).
4. I was handed a note (by the assistant).
5. John was elected class representative.
6. My wallet has been taken.
7. Bicycles are (often, widely) used as a means of transport.
8. I was advised to get a visa.
9. The old road was being rebuilt when I drove by.
10. A new shopping centre was opened by the local council.
Rewrite the sentence into passive voice.
1. The fridge was moved into the living room.
2. The new project is found worthless by my son.
3. This work was started last month.
4. The kitchen’s building was finished on Saturday.
5. A new marketing manager was pointed.
6. A lot of money is spent on advertising everyday .
7. Her ticket was showed to the airline agent.
8. The broken cup is hidden in the drawer.
9. English is spoken all over the world.
10. The phonograph was invented by Thomas Edison in 1877.
Rewrite the sentence using modal verbs in passive.
1. Ann can't use her office at the moment.
Her office __________can’t be used by Ann at the moment._______
2. I have to finish my work now.
My work _______has to be finished now.________
3. You must do your task.
Your task______ must be done.___________
4. Governments should offer poor women more help.
Poor women ___________should be offered more help by governments.__________
5. We must do something before it's too late.
Something __________must be done before it’s too late._______
6. My uncle may earn 500$ a day.
500$ _________a day may be earned by my uncle._______
7. He might have caught the fish.
The fish ___________might have been caught by him.__________
8. They will sue the company for wage discrimination.
The company _______will be sued for wage discrimination.________
9. She could have washed the dress.
The dress ___________could have been washed by her.___________
10. She can't pick many flowers.
Many flowers ____________can’t be picked by her._____________
Change the sentences into the passive voice by filling in the missing words.
1. People eat 40 million hamburgers every day.
40 million hamburgers ____________are eaten every day.____________
2. People speak English all over the world
English____________ is spoken all over the world.____________
3. Where did they invent gun powder?
Where ____________was gun powder invented?____________
4. The police didn’t find the missing girl last weekend.
The missing girl ____________wasn’t found last weekend.____________
5. Tourists don’t visit this museum very often.
This museum ____________isn’t visited very often.____________
Fill in the blank with the correct form of the passive voice
1. The words (to explain - Present simple) ____are explained____ by the teacher.
2. My car (to steal - Past simple) ____was stolen___ while I was gardening.
3. A new restaurant (to open - Future simple) ___will be opened____ next week
4. Our street (to close - Present continuous) ____is being closed____ because of snow.
5. A new house (to build - be going to) ____is going to be built ____ by my parents next month.
Change the following sentences into Passive Voice
1. People think that all dogs evolved from wolves.
All dogs_______are thought to have evolved from wolves.________
2. They didn’t allow Tom to take these books home.
_______Tom wasn't allowed to take these books home.____________
3. The teacher won’t correct exercises tomorrow.
______Exercises won't be corrected tomorrow. _____________
4. They didn’t look after the children properly.
_____The children weren't looked after properly.____________
5. Nobody’s ever treated me with such kindness.
_______I have never been treated with such kindness. ____________
6. She will get a veterinary surgeon to examine her dog.
She will get ________her dog examined (by a veterinary surgeon._______
7. We had a man take this photograph when we were on holiday last summer.
We had _____this photograph taken by a man when we were on holiday last summer._______
8. People think that many people were killed in the accident .
Many people _________are though to have been killed in the accident._____________
9. How many languages do they speak in Canada?
_____How many languages are spoken in Canada?_________
10. Someone had invented electric lights before I was born.
_______Electric lights had been invented before I was born_______
Trên đây là Lý thuyết Câu bị động tiếng Anh lớp 10 & Bài tập passive voice lớp 10 có đáp án. VnDoc.com hy vọng rằng tài liệu tiếng Anh trên đây sẽ giúp các em ôn tập kiến thức hiệu quả.
