Câu tường thuật lớp 9
Câu tường thuật tiếng Anh lớp 9 - Reported Speech
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I. Khái niệm
Lời nói trực tiếp(direct speech) là sự lặp lại chính xác những từ của người nói.
Lời nói gián tiếp (indirect/reported speech)là lời tường thuật lại ý của người nói, đôi khi không cần phải dùng đúng những từ của người nói.
Tenses:
Direct Speech (Lời nói trực tiếp) | Reported Speech (lời nói gián tiếp) |
Present simple Hiện tại đơn | Past simple Quá khứ đơn |
Present progressive Hiện tại tiếp diễn | Past progressive Quá khứ tiếp diễn |
Past simple Quá khứ đơn | Past perfect Quá khứ hoàn thành |
Past progresive Quá khứ tiếp diễn | Past perfect progressive QK hoàn thành tiếp diễn |
Present perfect Hiện tại hoàn thành | Past perfect Quá khứ hoàn thành |
Present perfect progressive Hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn | Past perfect progressive Quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn |
Past perfect Quá khứ hoàn thành | Past perfect Quá khứ hoàn thành |
Past perfect progressive Quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn | Past perfect progressive Quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn |
Note: Will/ shall à would/ should ; Must à had to.
* Các trạng từ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn cũng như đại từ chỉ định được thay đổi theo quy tắc sau:
Direct Speech | Indirect Speech ( Reported) |
This These this/that + N Here Now Today/Tonight Yesterday The day before yesterday Tomorrow The day after tomorrow Next week/year Last week/year last Tuesday A year ago | That Those the + N There Then That day/That night The day before/the previous day Two days before The next day/ the following day In two days’ time/two days later The following week/year The previous week/year the previous Tuesday/the Tuesday before A year before/ the previous year |
*Qui tắc thay đổi đại từ, tính từ
Direct Speech | Indirect Speech ( Reported) |
I You We Me Us My Our Your | He/ she He/ she/ they They/ you Him/ her Them His/ her/ your Their His/ her/ my |
+ Nguyên tắc trên được áp dụng cho tất cả các loại câu tường thuật.
* Có 3 loại câu tường thuật cơ bản:
1. Reported statements(tường thuật dạng câu kể)
S + say(s)/ said + (that) + S + V |
* (says/ say to + O à tells / tell + O) and (said to + O à told + O).
Eg: He said to me”I haven’t finished my work”
à He told me he hadn’t finished his work.
2. Reported questions (Tường thuật dạng câu hỏi).
a. Yes/ No questions:
S + asked/ wanted to know/ wondered + if/ weather + S + V |
E.g: ”Are you angry?” he asked à He asked if/ whether I was angry.
(Chuyển câu hỏi ở câu trực tiếp sang dạng khẳng định rồi thực hiện thay đổi thì, trạng từ chỉ thời gian, nơi chốn, chủ ngữ, tân ngữ...)
b. Wh - questions:
S + asked (+O)/ wanted to know/ wondered + Wh– words + S + V. |
* says/ say to + O à asks/ ask + O.
said to + O à asked + O.
Eg. ”What are you talking about?”said the teacher.
The teacher asked us what we were talking about.
3. Reported commands (Tường thuật câu mệnh lệnh)
* Khẳng định: S + told + O + to- infinitive.
Eg. “Please wait for me here, Mary.” Tom said
Tom told Mary to wait for him there.
* Phủ định: S + told + O + not to + V(infinitive).
Eg.”Don’t talk in class!” the teacher said to us.
--> The teacher told us not to talk in class.
* Reporting verbs:
- agree, decide, offer, promise, refuse ... + to- infinitive
- advise , ask, encourage, invite, remind, tell, want, warn ... + O + to infinitive.
- admit (thừa nhận), deny (phủ nhận), stop, suggest...+ V-ing.
* Câu điều kiện ở lời nói gián tiếp:
1. Điều kiện có thật, có thể xảy ra: Chúng ta áp dụng quy tắc chung của lời nói gián tiếp.
Eg. He said “If I have much money, I’ll travel around the world.”
He said (that) If he had much money, he would travel around the world.
2. Điều kiện không có thật/ giả sử: Chúng ta giữ nguyên,không đổi.
Eg: “If I had two wings,I would fly everywhere”, he said.
He said If he had two wings, he would fly everywhere.
II. Bài tập vận dụng
Exercise 1: Rewrite following sentences so that the meaning stay the same.
1. “Don’t repeat this mistake!” the instructor warned the sportsman.
2. “Phone me for an answer tomorrow” the manager said to the client.
3. Tom said to the girl “When did you have this picture taken?”
4. She asked her boyfriend “Is it true that your father fought in the last war?”
5. He said “I don’t understand why she has refused to join us on the trip”
6. “I’ll finish the work by the end of this week.” (promise)
7. “Can I borrow your pencil?” (ask)
8. “You ought to take a break, Andrew.” (advised)
1. The instructor warned the sportsman not to repeat that mistake.
2. The manager told the client to phone him (hoặc her) for an answer the next (hoặc following) day.
3. Tom asked the girl when she had had that picture taken.
4. She asked her boyfriend if it was true that his father had fought in the previous war.
5. He said that he didn’t understand why she had refused to join them on the trip.
6. He promised to finish the work by the end of that week
7. He asked to borrow my pencil
8. He advised Andrew to take a break
Exercise 2: Rewrite following sentences so that the meaning stay the same.
1. “If I were you, I wouldn’t buy this car”.
He advised..................................................................................................................
2. “Shall I carry your suitcase, Lan?” said Nam.
Nam offered..............................................................................................................
3. “ Yes, all right. I’ll share the food with you, Dave”.
Ann agreed...................................................................................................................
4. “ Sue, can you remember to buy some bread? ”.
Paul reminded...............................................................................................................
5. “ Don’t touch anything in this room”, the man said to the children.
The man ordered...........................................................................................................
6.” I must go home to make the dinner”, said Mary.
Mary..............................................................................................................................
7. “ Are you going to Ho Chi Minh City next week?” Tom asked me.
Tom asked...................................................................................................................
8. “ Have you finished your homework?” Mom asked.
Mom asked if.............................................................................................................
9. She said to me “ I can’t do it by myself”.
She told me that..........................................................................................................
10.”Does your brother live in London,Nam?” Lan asked.
Lan wanted to know if........................................................................................................
11.”Don’t repeat this mistake again.”his father warned him.
His father warned him.......................................................................................................
12.”Give me a smile,”The photographer said to me.
The.....................................................................................................................................
13.”Don’t leave these book on the table” ,the librarian said to the students àThe librarian told the students.................................................................................................
14.”Have you travelled abroad much?”he asked me.
He......................................................................................................................................
15.”Who has written this note?” the boss asked the secretary.
The boss asked..................................................................................................................
16.”I have just received a postcard from my sister,”my friend said to me.
My friend told me.............................................................................................................
17.”This story happened long ago”he said.
He said..............................................................................................................................
1. He advised not to buy this car
2. Nam offered Lan to carry her suitcase
3. Ann agreed to share food with Dave
4. Paul reminded Sue to buy some bread
5. The man ordered the children not to touch anything in this room
6. Mary said she had to go home to make the dinner
7. Tom asked me if he was going to Ho Chi Minh city the following week
8. Mom asked if I had finished my homework
9. She told me that she couldn’t do it herself
10. Lan wanted to know if Nam’s brother lived in London
11. His father warned him not to repeat that mistake again.
12. The photographer asked me to give him a smile
13. The librarian told the students not to leave those book on the table
14. He asked me if I had travelled abroad much
15. The boss asked the secretary who had written that note
16. My friend told me she had just recieved a postcard from her sister
17. He said that story had happend long before
Exercise 3
1 "Don't repeat this mistake again!" the instructor warned the sports man.
.............................................................................................................................................
2 "Leave your address with the secretary," the assistant said to me.
............................................................................................................................................
3 "Phone to me for an answer tomorrow” the manager said to the client.
...........................................................................................................................................
4 "Don't be so silly," the father said to the kid.
...........................................................................................................................................
5 "Give a smile," the photographer said to me.
........................................................................................................................................
6 "Please, help me to make a decision," Ann asked her friend.
............................................................................................................................................
7 "Don't leave these books on the table, put them back on the shelf," the librarian said to the student.
..........................................................................................................................................
8 "Be a good girl and sit quietly for five minutes," the nurse said to the child.
.............................................................................................................................................
9 "Leave your things here," my companion advised me.
.............................................................................................................................................
10 "Don't discuss this question now," said the chairman to the participants.
..........................................................................................................................................
1. The instructor warned the sports man about not repeating that mistake again.
2. The assistant asked me to leave my address with the secretary.
3. The manager asked the client to phone to him for an answer the next day.
4. The father told the kid not to be so silly.
5. The photographer told me to give a smile.
6. Ann asked her friend to help her make a decision.
7. The librarian asked the student not to leave those books on the table and put them back on the shelf.
8. The nurse asked the child to be a good girl and sit quietly for five mintutes.
9. My companion advised me to leave my things there.
10. The chairman asked the participants not to discuss that question then.
Exercise 4
1 "Will it be safe to stay in the mountains for the night if the weather doesn't change for the better?" we asked the guide.
...........................................................................................................................................
2 The porter said to me, "I'll wake you up, when the train arrives in Leeds."
.............................................................................................................................................
3 My wife said to me: "While you are away, I'll do the packing."
..........................................................................................................................................
4 "Don't leave until I phone you," he asked me.
...........................................................................................................................................
5 "After he leaves hospital, they'll take him to the South," the doctor said.
..........................................................................................................................................
6 "They'll wait for the fisherman to return until it gets dark", the local man explained to me.
..........................................................................................................................................
7 As soon as I hear from him, I'll let you know," my neighbour said to me.
............................................................................................................................................
8 I’ll live in town till my husband returns from the expedition and when he returns, we'll go to the seaside together," she said.
..........................................................................................................................................
9 The mother said to her son, ."Sit still, please."
.............................................................................................................................................
10 John said to his friend, "Come and spend a week with us."
..........................................................................................................................................
1. We asked the guide if it would be safe to stay in the mountains for the night if the weather didn’t changed for the better.
2. The porter told me he would wake me up when the train arrived in Leeds.
3. My wife told me that she would do the packing while I was away.
4. He told me not to leave until he phoned me.
5. The doctor said that after he left hospital they would take him to the South.
6. The local man explained to me that they would wait for the fisherman to return until it got dark.
7. My neighbour told me she would let me know as soon as she heard from him.
8. She said that she would live in town until her husband returned from the expedition and that when he returned, they would go to the seaside together.
9. The mother told her son to sit still.
10. John asked/told his friend to come and spend a week with him.
Exercise 5
1 "Have you travelled abroad much?" he asked me.
.....................................................................................................................................
2 "Who has written this note?" the boss asked the secretary.
.......................................................................................................................................
3 "I've just received a postcard from my sister," my friend said to me.
...........................................................................................................................................
4 "The students also took part in arranging the conference," the chair¬man said.
............................................................................................................................................
5 "Have you been here long?" the stranger asked me.
.............................................................................................................................................
6 "Did you really see this happen with your own eyes?" the policeman asked the boy.
...........................................................................................................................................
7 "I hope they will have taken a decision by the end of the meeting," she remarked.
..........................................................................................................................................
8 "Did you watch the detective film on TV yesterday?" he asked her.
.............................................................................................................................................
9 "This story happened long ago," he said, "and few people remember anything about it."
........................................................................................................................................
10 "I haven't read so interesting a book since I don't remember when," she said.
.........................................................................................................................................
1. He asked me if I had travelled abroad much.
2. The boss asked the secretary who had written that note.
3. My friend said to me that she had just received a postcard from her sister.
5. The stranger asked me if I had been there long.
6. The policeman asked the boy if he had really seen that happen with his own eyes.
7. She remarked that she hoped they would have taken a decision by the end of the meeting.
8. He asked her if she had watched the detective film on TV the day before.
9. He said that story had happened long before and few people remembered anything about it.
10. She said that she hadn't read so interesting a book since she didn't remember when.
Exercise 6
1. “Shall I help you with the exercises?” he said.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
2. “Shall we give him a birthday cake?” he said.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
3. “Could I leave early on Friday?” he said.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
4. “Where shall we meet tonight?” she said.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
5. “Will you have a drink?” he said.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
6. “How far is it from here to college?” he said.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
7. “Do you often have breakfast at 6.30 a.m?” he said
…………………………………………………………………………………………
8. “Don’t swim too far, boys” she said.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
9. “Do come in and have a drink” he said.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
10. “Remember to wake me up” she said.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
11. “If I were you, I would learn English”, she said.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
12. “Why don’t we go camping this Sunday?” he said.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
13. “Would you like to come to my birthday party next Sunday?” she said.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
14. “Let’s have a talk on the new film”, he said.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
15. “ Shall I do the cleaning up for you?” he said.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
16. “What a clever boy!” she said.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
17. “How ugly!” he said.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
18. “Did you prepare your meal?” he said. “No” I said.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
19. “Happy birthday”, he said.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
20. “Take your seat”, he said. “thank”, I said.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
1. He offered to help me with the exercises.
2. He suggested that they should give him a birthday cake.
3. He asked if he could leave early on Friday.
4. She asked where they would meet that night.
5. He offered me a drink.
6. He asked how far it was from there to college.
7. He asked me if I often had breakfast at 6.30.
8. She warned the boys not to swim too far.
9. He invited me to come in and have a drink.
10. She reminded me to wake her up.
11. He advised me to learn English.
12. He suggested going camping that Sunday.
13. He invited me to come to his birthday party the following Sunday.
14. He suggested having a talk on the new film.
15. He offered to do the cleaning up for me.
16. She said that the boy was clever.
17. He gave an exclamation of horror.
18. He asked whether I had prepared the meal and I said I hadn’t.
19. He wished me happy birthday.
20. He told me to take my seat and I thanked him.
Rewrite each sentences, using Reported Speech :
1-“It’s a quiet flat, and the neighbors are nice.”
Mrs Celine Deon said.........
2-“The rent includes gas and electricity.”
She told me that.................
3-“I need £ 100 deposit.”
Then she said.....................
4-“I decorated the living room recently.”
She told me that.................
5-“Other people have been to see the flat.”
She said..........................
6-“You’ll have to make up your mind soon.”
She told me.........................
7-“The previous occupants looked after it very well.”
She said that.......................
8-“I’ve replaced all the carpets.”
She told me that................
9-“You can move in immediately.”
She told me ....................
10-“I’ll give you a ring soon.”
I told Mrs Celine Deon that..................
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