Chuyên đề Câu đảo ngữ trong tiếng Anh THPT 2024

Câu đảo ngữ là dạng câu đem động từ (hoặc trợ động từ) ra trước chủ từ hoặc đảo ngữ. Mời các bạn vào tham khảo Chuyên đề Câu đảo ngữ tốt nghiệp THPT Quốc gia môn tiếng Anh 2024 để nắm bắt nội dung kiến thức, sau đó ôn luyện nhuần nhuyễn những câu bài tập được tổng hợp từ đề thi các năm.

I. Lí thuyết về câu Đảo ngữ tiếng Anh

Trong một số trường hợp các phó từ không đứng ở vị trí bình thường của nó mà đảo lên đứng ở đầu câu nhằm nhấn mạnh vào hành động của chủ ngữ. Người ta gọi đó là câu đảo ngữ. Trong trường hợp đó ngữ pháp sẽ thay đổi, đằng sau phó từ đứng đầu câu là trợ động từ rồi mới đến chủ ngữ và động từ chính:

1. Đảo ngữ với NO và NOT

No + N + auxiliary + S + Verb(inf)

Not any + N + auxiliary + S + verb(inf)

Eg: No money shall I lend you from now on.

= Not any money shall I lend you from now on.

2. Đảo ngữ với các trạng từ phủ định: Never, Rarely, Seldom, Little, Hardly ever,.....hiếm khi mà

Never/ Rarely/ Seldom/ Little/ Hardly ever+ auxiliary+ S+ V

Never in mid-summer does it snow.

Hardly ever does he speak in the public.

Little did I know that he was a compulsive liar.

3. Đảo ngữ với ONLY

Only one

Only one did I meet her.

Only later

Only in this way:

Only in that way:

Only in this way could the problem be solved.

Only then + auxiliary+ S+ V

Only after+ N: Chỉ sau khi làm gì

Only after all gest had gone home could we relax.

Only by V_ing/ N: Chỉ bằng cách làm gì

Only by practising English everyday can you speak it fluently.

Only when+ clause: Chỉ khi làm gì

Only when her friends told me did I know she had been well-known.

Only when I understand her did I like her.

Only with+ N: Chỉ với cái gì

Only with the bank's loan could he buy the car.

Only if + clause

Only in + adv of time/ place

4. Đảo ngữ với các cụm từ có No

At no time: Không bao giờ

The result of the match was never in doubt.

=> At no time/ never was the result of the match in doubt.

On no condition

On no account + auxiliary+ S+ N: Dù bất cứ lý do gì cũng không

On no accout must this switch be touched.

On no account should you be late for the Exam.

Under/ in no circumstances: Dù trong bất cứ hoàn cảnh nào cũng không

Under no circumstances should you lend him the money.

For no reason

In no way: Không sao có thể

In no way could I agree with you.

No longer: Không còn nữa

The money is not tobe paid under any circumstances.

= Under no circumsstances is the money tobe paid.

On no condition shall we accept their proposal.

By no means: Hoàn toàn không

By no means does he intend to criticize your idea.

5. No sooner.......... than.....Vừa mới...thì đã...

Hardly/ Bearly/ Scarely........ When/ before

Hardly had I arrived home when the telephone rang.

(= I had hardly arrived home when the telephone rang.)

Scarcely had she finished reading when she fell asleep.

(= She had scarcely finished reading when she fell asleep.)

Barely had they won the match when the coach had a heart attack.

(= They had barely won the match when the coach had a heart attack.)

No sooner had the company launched its new product than it went bankrupt.

(= The company had no sooner launched its new product than it went bankrupt.)

No sooner did they realize that they had made a mistake than the company went bankrupt.

(= They no sooner realized that they had made a mistake than the company went bankrupt.)

6. Đảongữ với Not only....... but......also.....không những…….mà còn…..

Not only + trợ động từ + S +V + but also + S + V…

hoặc Not only + trợ động từ + S + V but.... also..........

Not only is he good at E but he also draw very well

Not only does he sing well but he also plays musical instruments perfectly

Not only does he study well, but also he sings well.

7. Đảo ngữ với SO

So+ adj/ adv + auxiliary + S+V+ that clause

So strange was the situation that I couldn't sleep.

So difficult is the test that students need three months to prepare.

So dark is it that I can't write

So busy am I that I don't have time to look after myself

So difficult was the exam that few student pass it

So attractive is she that many boys run after her

So intelligent is that she can answer all questions in the interview

8. Câu đảo ngữ có chứa“Such” mang cấu trúc như sau:

“Such + to be + Danh từ +…”

- Such is the moment that all greats traverse.

(Thật là thời khắc trở ngại lớn lao).

- Such is the stuff of dreams.

(Thật là một giấc mơ vô nghĩa).

Lưu ý: Thường khi gặp “so great, so much + Noun” thì ta dùng đảo ngữ với “such”

The problem is so great that everybody is concerned of it.

=> Such is the problem that everybody is concerned of it.

There is so much uncertainty that I will not invest my money.

=> Such is there uncertainty that I will not invest my money.

9. Đảongữ với until/ till+ clause/ adv of time+ auxiliary+ S+ V

I won't come home till 10 o'clock

= Not until/ till o'clock that I will come home

= It is not until 10 o'clock that I will come home

I didn't know that I had lost my key till I got home

= Not until/ till I got home did I know that I had lost my key

10. Đảo ngữ với No where+ Au+ S+V

No where in the VN is the cenery as beautiful as that in my country

No where do I feel as comfortable as I do at home

No where can you buy the goods as good as those in my country

11. Đảo ngữ với câu điều kiện

a, Câu đk loại 1: If clause = should+S+V

(Lưu ý: Dùng SHOULD để nói về khả năng xảy ra ít chắc chắn hơn)

Should she come late she wil miss the train

Should he lend me some money I will buy that house

b, Câu đk loại 2:If clause= Were S +to V/ Were+S

(Lưu ý: Dùng WERE TO để nói về khả năng xảy ra ít chắc chắn hơn)

If I were you I would work harder =Were I you........

If I knew her I would invite her to the party= Were I to know her........

c, Câu đk loại 3 : If clause = Had+S+V₃ED

If my parents hadn't encouraged me, I would have taken pass exam

= Had my parents not encouraged me...........

II. Bài tập câu đảo ngữ tiếng Anh có đáp án

Bài tập 1: Viết lại câu với hình thức đảo ngữ

1. She had never been so happy before.

--> Never __________________________________

2. I have never heard such nonsense!

-->Never __________________________________

3. I have never seen such a mess in my life.

--> Never __________________________________

4. Public borrowing has seldom been so high.

--> Seldom __________________________________

5. They had seldom participated in such a fascinating ceremony.

--> Seldom __________________________________

6. They little suspected that the musical was going to be a runaway success.

--> Little __________________________________

7. The embassy staff little realized that Ted was a secret agent.

--> Little __________________________________

8. I had hardly begun to apologize when the door closed.

--> Hardly __________________________________

9. The shop can in no way be held responsible for customers' lost property.

--> In no way __________________________________

10. The couple had no sooner arrived than the priest started the ceremony.

--> No sooner __________________________________

11. Tom only understood the meaning of the comment when he saw his wife's face.

--> Only when __________________________________

12. The restaurant cannot accept animals under any circumstances.

--> Under no __________________________________

13. The artist rarely paid any attention to his agent's advice.

--> Rarely __________________________________

Bài tập 2: Viết lại câu sao cho nghĩa không thay đổi.

1. Her grief was so great that she almost fainted.

–> So ___________________________________

2. He got down to writing the letter as soon as he returned from his walk.

–> No sooner ___________________________________

3. She had hardly begun to speak before people started interrupting her.

–> Hardly ___________________________________

4. I only realized what I had missed when they told me about it later.

–> Only when ___________________________________

5. You won’t find a more dedicated worker anywhere than Mrs John.

–> Nowhere ___________________________________

6. The outcome of the election was never in doubt.

–> At no time ___________________________________

7. He forgot about the gun until he got home.

–> Not until ___________________________________

8. The only way you can become a good athlete is by training hard everyday.

–> Only by ___________________________________

Bài tập 3. Choose the correct answer.

1. Olga handed in her exam paper. She then realised that she had missed one question.

A. Having realised that she had missed one question, Olga handed in her exam paper.

B. Not until Olga had handed in her exam paper did she realise that she had missed one question.

C. Had Olga realised that she had missed one question, she wouldn’t hand in her exam paper.

D. Only after Olga realised that she had missed one question did she hand in her exam paper.

2. He badly suffered cyberbullying himself He realized the true dangers of social media only then.

A. Not until he had badly suffered cyberbullying himself did he realize the true dangers of social media

B. Such was his suffering of cyberbullying that he didn’t realize the true dangers of social media.

C. Only when he had realized the true dangers of social media did he badly suffer cyberbullying himself.

D. But for his terrible suffering of cyberbullying, he wouldn’t realize the true dangers of social media.

3. The coach changed his tactics in the second half. His football team won the match.

A. But for the coach’s change of tactics in the second half, his football team could have won the match.

B. Not until his football team had won the match did the coach change his tactics in the second half.

C. Only if the coach had changed the tactics in the second half could his football team have won the match.

D. Had it not been for the coach’s change of tactics in the second half, the football team wouldn’t have won the match.

4. The green campaign was strongly supported by the local people. The neighborhood looks fresh and clean now.

A. Had the local people not strongly supported the green campaign, the neighborhood wouldn’t look fresh and clean now.

B. sacredly had the green campaign been strongly supported by the local people when the neighborhood looked fresh and clean.

C. Only if the local people had strongly supported the green campaign would the neighborhood look fresh and clean now.

D. But for the strong support of the local people for the green campaign, the neighborhood would look fresh and clean now.

5. Smartphones are becoming reasonably priced. New applications make them more appealing.

A. Whatever new applications smartphones have, they are becoming more appealing with reasonable prices.

B. No matter how reasonable the prices OS smartphones are, they are not so appealing with new applications.

C. Appealing though smartphones are with new applications, they are becoming less affordably priced.

D. Not only are smartphones becoming more affordable but, with new applications, they are also more appealing.

Exercise 4: Chia dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc ở các dạng đảo ngữ

1. Not only they (buy) ___________ the house but also the car last year.

2. You (come) ___________early, we'll start.

3. They (live) ___________ in Australia now, they would go swimming.

4. Bob (not interfere) ___________in his sister' marital problems, there wouldn't have been peace between them.

5. Hardly the doctor (fall) ___________ asleep when the telephone (wake)___________him up.

6. Only by working hard he (manage)___________to pass the exam.

7. No sooner he (return) ___________from his walk than he (get)___________down to writing the letter.

8. Only by (operate) ___________ immediately can you save your eyesight.

9. Only when they told me about it I (realize) ___________what I had missed.

10. Only after a new pay offer the workers (call) ___________off the strike.

11. Only later the facts all (make) ___________public.

12. Not until the bell rang he (finish)___________his work.

13. Rarely she (travel) ___________more than fifty miles from her village.

14. Never in my life I (see) ___________such a mess.

15. Only if everybody agreed I (accept)___________this position.

ĐÁP ÁN

Bài tập 1: Viết lại câu với hình thức đảo ngữ

1. She had never been so happy before.

--> Never had she been so happy before.

2. I have never heard such nonsense!

-->Never have I heard such nonsense!

3. I have never seen such a mess in my life.

--> Never have I seen such a mess in my life.

4. Public borrowing has seldom been so high.

--> Seldom has public borrowing been so high.

5. They had seldom participated in such a fascinating ceremony.

--> Seldom had they participated in such a fascinating ceremony.

6. They little suspected that the musical was going to be a runaway success.

--> Little did they suspect that the musical was going to be a runaway success.

7. The embassy staff little realized that Ted was a secret agent.

--> Little did the embassy staff realize that Ted was a secret agent.

8. I had hardly begun to apologize when the door closed.

--> Hardly had I begun to apologise when the door closed.

9. The shop can in no way be held responsible for customers' lost property.

--> In no way can the shop be held responsible for customers’ lost property.

10. The couple had no sooner arrived than the priest started the ceremony.

--> No sooner had the couple arrived than the priest started the ceremony.

11. Tom only understood the meaning of the comment when he saw his wife's face.

--> Only when Tom saw his wife’s face did he understand the meaning of the comment.

12. The restaurant cannot accept animals under any circumstances.

--> Under no circumstances can the restaurant accept animals.

13. The artist rarely paid any attention to his agent's advice.

--> Rarely did the artist pay any attention to his agent’s advice.

Bài tập 2: Viết lại câu sao cho nghĩa không thay đổi.

1. Her grief was so great that she almost fainted.

–> So great was her grief that she almost fainted.

2. He got down to writing the letter as soon as he returned from his walk.

–> No sooner had he returned from his walk than he got down to writing the letter.

3. She had hardly begun to speak before people started interrupting her.

–> Hardly had she begun to speak when people started interrupting her.

4. I only realized what I had missed when they told me about it later.

–> Only when they told me about it later did I realize what I had missed.

5. You won’t find a more dedicated worker anywhere than Mrs John.

–> Nowhere will you find a more dedicated worker than Mrs John.

6. The outcome of the election was never in doubt.

–> At no time was the outcome of the election in doubt.

7. He forgot about the gun until he got home.

–> Not until he got home did he remember about the gun.

8. The only way you can become a good athlete is by training hard everyday.

–> Only by training hard everyday can you become a good athlete.

Bài tập 3. Choose the correct answer.

1 - B; 2 - A; 3 - D; 4 - A; 5 - D;

Exercise 4: Chia dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc ở các dạng đảo ngữ

III. Bài tập câu đảo ngữ trong đề thi chính thức

Đề thi tuyển sinh Đại học, Cao đẳng năm 2005

50. She not only passed the exam but also got a prize. (Not only)

..........................................................................................

Đề thi tuyển sinh Đại học, Cao đẳng năm 2004

47. The Picasso painting was so expensive that nobody could buy it.

..........................................................................................

Đề thi tuyển sinh Cao đẳng 1

10. We didn't realise how serious the situation was.

..........................................................................................

Đề thi tuyển sinh Cao đẳng 3

8. No sooner had we started the picnic, .............. the rain began pouring down!

A. than B. when C. that D. and

23. If the police had found out, I would have been in trouble.

Were..........................................................................................

Đề thi tuyển sinh Bến Tre

10. Hardly....................................attack people.

A. have snakes B. do snakes

C. snakes do D. snakes have

2. Woman in developed countries no longer bear many children.

No longer..........................................................................................

Đề thi tuyển sinh CĐSP Trà Vinh

41. Woman nowadays no longer depend on their husband.

No longer..........................................................................................

Đề thi tuyển sinh Học viện Ngân hàng – Phân viện TP. Hồ Chí Minh

5. John didn't celebrate until he received the offer of promotion in writing.

Not until..........................................................................................

Đề thi tuyển sinh Học viện quan hệ Quốc tế

2. He never suspected that she was a witch.

At no time..........................................................................................

Đề thi tuyển sinh Cao đẳng năm 2010

Question 42: ______ but he also proved himself a good athlete.

A. Not only he showed himself a good student

B. He did not show himself only a good student

C. Not only did he show himself a good student

D. A good student not only showed him

Đề thi tuyển sinh Đại học năm 2009

Question 9: Not until the end of the 19th century ______ become a scientific discipline.

A. plant breeding has

B. did plant breeding

C. plant breeding had

D. has plant breeding

Question 28: Had she worked harder last summer, she ______.

A. wouldn't have been sacked

B. wouldn't have sacked

C. wouldn't sack

D. wouldn't be sacked

Đề thi tuyển sinh Cao đẳng năm 2009

Question 44: ______ he arrived at the bus stop when the bus came.

A. No longer has

B. No sooner had

C. Not until had

D. Hardly had

Question 61: Only when you grow up ______ the truth.

A. you will know

B. you know

C. do you know

D. will you know

Đề thi tuyển sinh Đại học, Cao đẳng năm 2008

Câu 71: ______, he would have learned how to read.

A. If he has been able to go school as a child

B. If he could go to school as a child

C. Were he able to go to school as a child

D. Had he been able to go to school as a child

Đề thi tuyển sinh Cao đẳng năm 2008

Câu 23: _______, they would have had what they wanted.

A. If they arrived at the fair early

B. Had they arrived at the fair early

C. Unless they arrived at the fair early enough

D. Supposing they were arriving at the fair early

Đề thi tuyển sinh Đại học, Cao đẳng năm 2007

Câu 12: _______ that she burst into tears.

A. Her anger was such

B. So angry she was

C. She was so anger

D. Such her anger was

Câu 25: No sooner had she put the telephone down than her boss rang back.

A. As soon as her boss rang back, she put down the telephone.

B. Scarcely had she put the telephone down when her boss rang back.

C. Hardly she had hung up, she rang her boss immediately.

D. She had hardly put the telephone down without her boss rang back.

Câu 30: Never before ______ as accelerated as they are now during the technological age.

A. have historical changes been

B. have been historical changes

C. historical changes have been

D. historical have changes been

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