Ôn thi THPT Quốc gia 2024 môn Anh chuyên đề Giới từ

Tài liệu luyện thi THPT quốc gia môn Anh chuyên đề Prepositions cung cấp cho các bạn: định nghĩa, vị trí của giới từ, các loại giới từ, giới từ sau tính từ, giới từ sau động từ/cụm động từ, bài tập để luyện tập, để các bạn chuẩn bị thật tốt cho kỳ thi THPT Quốc gia môn tiếng Anh 2024 sắp diễn ra sắp tới.

A. Lý thuyết Giới từ tiếng Anh THPT  2024

1. Định nghĩa.

- Giới từ là từ dùng để chỉ mối quan hệ giữa danh từ hoặc đại từ với một từ khác trong câu.

2. Vị trí của giới từ.

- Sau TO BE, trước danh từ: The book is on the table. - Sau tính từ/ cụm từ cố định: He is interested in English.

- Sau động từ, cụm động từ: I live in Ho Chi Minh City. - Take off your hat.

3. Các loại giới từ.

+ Giới từ chỉ thời gian: At: vào lúc( giờ), On (vào ngày), In (vào năm, tháng), Before (trước), After (sau), During..

+ Giới từ chỉ nơi chốn: At (tại), In, On, above, over: (trên)

+ Giới từ chỉ sự chuyển dịch: To, into, onto - đến, to - chỉ hướng tiếp cận, From, Across, Along - dọc theo, round, around, about - quanh.

+ Giới từ chỉ thể cách: With - với, Without - không, không có, According to - theo, In spite of - mặc dù, Instead of - thay vì

+ Giới từ chỉ mục đích: To = So as to = In order to: để, For: dùm, dùm cho, ...

+ Giới từ chỉ nguyên do: Thanks to - nhờ ở, Through - do, vì, Because of - bởi vì, Owing to - nhờ ở, do ở, By means of - nhờ, bằng phương tiện

4. Giới từ sau tính từ:

4.1. Of

- ashamed of: xấu hổ về

- hopeful of: hy vọng

- afraid of: sợ, e ngại

- independent of: độc lập

- ahead of: trước

- proud of: tự hào

- aware of: nhận thức

- jealous of: ghen tỵ với

- capable of: có khả năng

- guilty of: phạm tội (về), có tội

4.2. To

-acceptable to: chấp nhận

accustomed to: quen với

agreeable to: đồng ý với

- addicted to: đam mê

delightful to smb: thú vị

likely to: có thể

lucky to: may mắn

next to: kế bên

- open to: mở

- pleasant to: hài lòng

4.3. For

- difficult for: khó

- sorry for: xin lỗi

- ready for smt: sẵnsàng cho việc gì

- late for: trễ

- qualified for: có phẩm chất

- necessary for: cần thiết

- dangerous for: nguy hiểm

- helpful/ useful for: có lợi/ có ích

- perfect for: hoàn hảo

- famous for: nổi tiếng

- good for: tốt cho

- suitable for: thích hợp

- greedy for: tham lam

- responsible for smt: chịu trách nhiệm

- grateful for smt: biết ơn về việc

4.4. At

- good at: giỏi (về....)

- quick at: nhanh

- excellent at: xuất sắc về

- bad at: dở (về.....)

- amazed at: ngạc nhiên

- present at: hiện diện

- clever at: khéo léo, thông minh về

- amused at: vui về

- surprised at: ngạc nhiên

- skillful at: khéo léo, có kỹ năng

- clumsy at: vụng về

- angry at smt: giận về điều gì

4.5. From

- isolated from: bị cô lập

- absent from: vắng mặt

- different from: khác

- far from: xa

4.6. With

- delighted with: vui mừng với

- friendly with: thân mật

- busy with: bận

- aquainted with: làm quen

- bored with: chán

- familiar with: quen thuộc

- crowded with: đông đúc

- fed up with: chán

- furious with: phẫn nộ

4.7. In

- interested in: thích, quan tâm

- rich in: giàu về......

- successful in: thành công về....

4.8. About

confused about: bối rối (về...)

serious about: nghiêm túc

sad about: buồn

excited about: hào hứng

upset about: thất vọng

happy about: hạnh phúc

disappointed about smt: thất vọng về cái gì

anxious about: lo lắng

Notes: - be tired of: chán. I’m tired of doing the same work every day.

- be tired from: mệt vì..... eg. I’m tired from walking for a long time.

- be grateful to smb for smt: biết ơn ai đó vì cái gì eg. I’m grateful to you for your help.

- be responsible to smb for smt: chịu trách nhiệm với ai đó về cái gì eg. You have to be responsible to me for your actions.

- good/ bad for: tốt/ xấu cho..., good/ bad at: giỏi/ dở bề....eg. Milk is good for your health. / She is bad at mathematics.

5. Giới từ sau động từ/cụm động từ.

B. Bài tập giới từ ôn thi THPTQG 2024 môn Anh có đáp án

I. Choose the word or phrase (A, B, C or D) that best completes each sentence.

1. Where is Jimmy? - He is ____ work. He is busy ____ his monthly report.

A. on / for

B. in / about

C. to / through

D. at / with

2. With greatly increased workloads, everyone is _______ pressure now.

A. under

B. above

C. upon

D. out of

3. Pay more attention _______ picture and you can find out who is the robber.

A. to

B. for

C. at

D. on

4. His father used the money he won to set_________his own company.

A. on

B. about

C. up

D. forward

5. I keep sneezing because I got wet_________the way home yesterday.

A. in

B. from

C. on

D. during

6. __________ your advice, I was able to avoid lots of trouble on my trip abroad.

A. Thanks to

B. Despite

C. Even though

D. Instead of

7. This organization is quick__________sending relief goods to the flooded areas.

A. with

B. at

C. for

D. about

8. Can you help me, please? I can't see the difference__________these words.

A. from

B. in

C. between

D. about

9. That house reminds me __________the one where I used to live.

A. of

B. for

C. about

D. with

10. It was very kind__________you to lend me the money I needed.

A. for

B. of

C. to

D. with

11. Don't walk too fast. I can't keep_________you.

A. on to

B. on with

C. up to

D. up with

12. Gertrude takes_______her mother; she has blue eyes and fair hair,too.

A. in

B. up

C. after

D. down

13. They arrived_______the airport_______good time for the plane.

A. in/ on

B. to/ in

C. at/ in

D. to/ for

14. She’s very old and can’t live alone. She needs someone to look_________her.

A. for

B. at

C. up

D. after

15. What did that man die ________? –A heart attack.

A. in

B. for

C. of

D. about

II. Choose the underlined part in each sentence that should be corrected.

1. Jack is looking for (A) another (B) job for he says (C) he is really fed up of (D) doing the same thing every day.

2. The bus will be leaving (A) on (B) five minutes so (C) you’d better (D) hurry up.

3. They sang as (A) they marched so that to (B) forget how (C) tired they were (D).

4. Mr. Carlos, along by (A) his cousins from (B) Mexico City, is (C) planning to attend (D) the festivities.

III. Choose the correct answer to complete the sentence. 

1. ________entering the hall, he found everyone waiting for him.

A. With B. On C. At D. During

2. I’m so tired that I can’t take________what you’ve saying

A. on B. out C. up D. in

3. The sign warns people________the dangers of swimming in this river.

A. about B. from C. with D. to

4. Young people have become increasingly committed________social activities.

A. of B. to C. in D. at

5. Bob has left home and is independent________his parents

A. on B. of C. with D. in

6. Americans rarely shake hands to say goodbye except________business occasions

A. on B. during C. at D. for

7. I’ve learned to put________all the noise.

A. up with B. out C. on D. off

8. That song was popular________people from my father’s generation.

A. for B. on C. about D. with

9. The English language is rich________vocabulary.

A. at B. in C. on D. for

10. She was quick________understanding what we wanted her to do.

A. in B. about C. for D. at

IV. Fill in the blank.

1. The two friends went _______ the movies by themselves.

2. During the summer I stayed ________ my grandparents.

3. I’ll wait for you _______ the bus stop.

4. The milk is ______ the refrigerator next to the orange juice.

5. Her mother is looking forward _______ going to Australia.

6. The film is based _______ a novel by John Grisham.

7. John is totally obsessed _______ football. He thinks of nothing else.

8. Mary’s in the kitchen looking ______ her car keys.

ĐÁP ÁN

I. Choose the word or phrase (A, B, C or D) that best completes each sentence.

1 - D; 2 - A; 3 - A; 4 - C; 5 - C;

6 - A; 7 - B; 8 - C; 9 - A; 10 - B;

11 - D; 12 - C; 13 - C; 14 - D; 15 - C;

II. Choose the underlined part in each sentence that should be corrected.

1 - D; 2 - B; 3 - B; 4 - A;

III. Choose the correct answer to complete the sentence. 

1 - B; 2 - D; 3 - A; 4 - B; 5 - B;

6 - A; 7 - A; 8 - D; 9 - B; 10 - D;

IV. Fill in the blank.

1. The two friends went ___to____ the movies by themselves.

2. During the summer I stayed ____with____ my grandparents.

3. I’ll wait for you ___at____ the bus stop.

4. The milk is ___in___ the refrigerator next to the orange juice.

5. Her mother is looking forward ___to____ going to Australia.

6. The film is based ___on_____ a novel by John Grisham.

7. John is totally obsessed ____with____ football. He thinks of nothing else.

8. Mary’s in the kitchen looking ___for____ her car keys.

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