101 cấu trúc To V và Ving thường gặp
Tài liệu Tiếng Anh về Động từ nguyên thể có To (To Infinitive) và Danh động từ (Gerund - Ving) dưới đây nằm trong bộ đề ôn tập Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh theo từng chuyên đề do VnDoc.com sưu tầm và đăng tải. Tài liệu tổng hợp toàn bộ những cấu trúc to V hoặc cấu trúc Ving giúp bạn đọc nắm chắc phần ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh này.
Các cấu trúc to V và Ving
- Dạng 1: S + (V) + to + V + hoặc S + (V) + sb + to + V+ O
- Dạng 2: S + (V) + Ving + O
- Những động từ theo sau là to-inf hoặc -ing có nghĩa thay đổi
- Những động từ theo sau là V-ing hoặc to-inf nhưng nghĩa không thay đổi
- Cấu trúc câu dạng V-0-V (chủ ngữ-động từ 1-tân ngữ-động từ 2)
- Tip chọn Ving - To V dễ dàng
- Bài tập cấu trúc v-ing và to v có đáp án
Dạng 1: S + (V) + to + V + hoặc S + (V) + sb + to + V+ O
|
to afford to V + O |
cố gắng làm gì |
|
to agree V + O |
đồng ý làm gì |
|
to agree with so |
đồng ý với ai |
|
to appear to V + O |
dường như |
|
to ask to V + O |
yêu cầu làm gì |
|
to ask sb to V sth |
yêu cầu ai làm gì |
|
to decide to V + O |
quyết định làm gì |
|
to expect to V + O |
hi vọng |
|
to learn to V + O |
học làm gì |
|
to manage to V + O |
xoay xở |
|
to offer to V + O |
đề nghị làm gì cho ai |
|
to plan to V + O |
đặt kế hoạch |
|
to promise to V + O |
hứa |
|
to encourge to V + O |
khuyến khích |
|
to refuse to V + O |
từ chối |
|
to threaten to V + O |
đe dọa |
|
to doubt whether S + (V) + O |
nghi ngờ về cái gì đó |
|
to want to V + O |
muốn làm gì |
|
to want sb to V sth |
muốn ai làm gì |
|
to intend to V + O |
có ý định |
|
to advise sb to V + O |
khuyên ai làm gì |
|
to allow sb to V + O |
cho phép ai làm gì |
|
to beg sb to V + O |
cầu xin ai |
|
to forbid to V + O |
cấm làm gì |
|
to invite to V + O |
mời |
|
to invite sb to V + O |
mời ai làm gì |
|
to persuade sb to V + O |
thuyết phục ai làm gì |
|
to remind sb to V + O |
nhắc ai làm gì |
|
to teach sb to V + O |
dạy |
|
to tell sb to V + O |
bảo |
|
to urge sb to V + O |
hối thúc |
|
to have sb V + O |
nhờ |
|
to make sb V + O |
bắt ép |
|
S + would like to V + O |
thích |
|
S + used to V + O |
đã từng làm gì (nay không làm nữa) |
|
to + encourage sb to V sth |
khuyến khích ai làm gì |
|
to remind sb of about sth/so |
gợi nhớ về điều gì |
|
It + (take) + sb + (time) + to V sth |
ai mất bao nhiêu thời gian để làm gì |
Dạng 2: S + (V) + Ving + O
|
to admit Ving O |
chấp nhận đã làm gì |
|
to avoid Ving O |
tránh |
|
to delay Ving O |
trì hoãn |
|
to deny Ving O |
phủ nhận |
|
to enjoy Ving O |
thích |
|
to finish Ving O |
hoàn thành |
|
to keep Ving O |
tiếp tục, duy trì |
|
to mind Ving O |
bận tâm |
|
to suggest Ving O |
gợi ý |
|
to like Ving O |
thích |
|
to hate Ving O |
ghét |
|
to love Ving O |
thích |
|
S + can’t bear Ving O |
không thể chịu được |
|
S + can’t stand Ving O |
không thể chịu được |
|
S + can’t help Ving O |
không thể tránh được |
|
to look forward to Ving O |
trông mong |
|
to accuse sb of Ving O |
buộc tội ai |
|
to insist sb on Ving O |
nài nỉ ai làm gì |
|
to remind sb of Ving O |
gợi nhớ |
|
to remind sb about Ving |
nhắc ai về việc gì |
|
to be afraid of Ving O |
sợ |
|
to be amazed at Ving O |
ngạc nhiên |
|
to be angry about/at Ving O |
giận/ bực mình |
|
to be good/bad at Ving O |
giỏi/ kém |
|
to be bored with Ving O |
buồn chán |
|
to be dependent on sth/ Ving O |
phụ thuộc |
|
to be different from |
khác biệt |
|
to be excited about |
háo hức |
|
to think of sth/Ving sth |
nhớ về cái gì đó |
|
to thank to sth/so/Ving sth |
nhờ vào cái gì, vào ai gì đó |
|
to thank sb for Ving sth |
cảm ơn ai vì đã làm gì |
|
to apologize (to so) for Ving sth |
xin lỗi ai vì cái gì đó |
|
to confess to Ving sth |
thú nhận |
|
to congratulate sb on Ving sth |
chúc mừng ai vì điều gì đó |
|
to be friendly with |
thân thiện với |
|
to be familiar with |
quen thuộc với |
|
to be popular with |
phổ biến/ưa chuộng |
|
to be based on |
dựa trên |
|
to be capable of |
có khả năng |
|
to be doubtful about |
nghi ngờ |
|
to take part in = join = paticipate |
tham gia |
|
to join sth |
tham gia cái gì |
|
to join in Ving sth |
tham gia làm gì |
|
to be famous for |
nổi tiếng vì |
|
to be fed up with |
chán |
|
to be fond of Ving O |
thích |
|
to be grateful to sb for Ving sth |
biết ơn ai vì đã làm gì |
|
to be interested in |
thích, quan tâm |
|
to be keen on |
đam mê |
|
to be nervous of |
lo lắng |
|
to be responsible for |
có trách nhiệm |
|
to be satisfied with |
hài lòng |
|
to be successful in |
thành công |
|
to be worried about |
lo lắng |
|
to be surprised at |
ngạc nhiên |
|
to be tired of |
mệt mỏi vì |
|
to be used to Ving O |
đã quen làm gì |
|
to warn sb of sth/Ving sth |
cảnh báo ai việc gì hoặc làm gì |
|
to warn sb against Ving sth |
cảnh báo ai không được làm gì |
|
to thank sb for Ving sth |
cảm ơn ai vì đã làm gì |
|
to dream of/about sth/so/Ving |
giấc mơ về việc gì, về ai, về làm gì |
|
to prevent/ stop/ protect sb/sth from Ving sth |
ngăn cản ai/cái gì làm gì |
|
to be thankful/grateful to sb for Ving sth |
biết ơn ai vì đã làm gì |
|
to look forward to Ving sth |
trông mong ai làm gì |
|
to think about sth/Ving sth |
suy nghĩ về cái gì đó |
|
to insist on Ving sth |
khăng khăng làm gì |
|
to give sb sth |
đưa cho ai cái gì |
|
to give sth to sb |
đưa cái gì cho ai |
|
to buy sb sth |
mua cho ai cái gì |
|
to buy sth for sb |
mua cái gì cho ai |
|
to bring sb sth |
mang cho ai cái gì |
|
to bring sth to sb |
mang cái gì cho ai |
|
force to do sth |
yêu cầu, bắt chước |
|
mean to do sth |
định làm gì |
|
demand to do sth |
yêu cầu |
|
want to do sth |
muốn làm gì |
|
agree to do sth |
đồng ý làm gì |
|
expect to do sth |
mong đợi |
|
offer to do sth |
đề nghị |
|
hope to do sth |
hi vọng |
|
mention doing sth |
đề cập |
|
count on doing sth |
phụ thuộc |
|
have to do |
phải làm |
|
to prevent sb/sth from |
ngăn cản ai/cái gì làm gì |
|
to apply for |
nộp đơn |
|
to look for |
tìm kiếm |
Những động từ theo sau là to-inf hoặc -ing có nghĩa thay đổi
|
forget |
forget to V |
quên phải làm gì |
|
Forget Ving |
quên đã làm gì |
|
|
remember |
remember to V |
nhớ phải làm gì |
|
remember Ving |
nhớ đã làm gì |
|
|
regret |
regret to V |
tiếc phải làm gì |
|
regret Ving |
hối tiếc đã làm gì |
|
|
try |
Try to V |
Cố gắng làm gì |
|
Try ving |
Thử làm gì |
|
|
Be sorry |
Be sorry to V |
Tiếc phải làm gì |
|
be sorry Ving |
Xin lỗi vì làm gì = apologize sb for Ving |
|
|
Stop |
Stop Ving |
Dừng việc đang làm |
|
Stop to V |
Dừng để làm việc khác |
|
|
Need |
Need V = need To V |
Cần làm gì |
|
Need Ving |
Cần được làm gì |
Những động từ theo sau là V-ing hoặc to-inf nhưng nghĩa không thay đổi
|
begin to V = begin Ving |
bắt đầu làm gì |
|
continue to V = continue Ving |
bắt đầu làm gì |
|
start to V = start Ving |
bắt đầu làm gì |
Cấu trúc câu dạng V-0-V (chủ ngữ-động từ 1-tân ngữ-động từ 2)
Động từ nguyên mẫu (bare infinitive) theo sau các động từ như:
- MAKE, HAVE (ở dạng sai bảo chủ động), LET, HELP thì V2 sẽ ở dạng bare inf.
Cấu trúc: make / have / let sb do sth.
Ex: I make him go.
I let him go.
- Nếu V1 là các động từ như: HEAR, SEE, FEEL, NOTICE, WATCH, FIND, CATCH... thì V2 là Ving (hoặc bare inf)
Cấu trúc:
watch / find/ catch sb doing sth: bắt gặp (xem) ai đó đang làm gì.
see/ hear/ feel sb doing sth: nhìn thấy, nghe thấy ai đó đang làm gì.
see/ hear/ feel sb do sth: nhìn thấy, nghe thấy ai đó đã làm gì.
- Theo sau động từ have, get có dạng P2
Cấu trúc: have / get sth DONE
have sb DO
get sb TO DO
Tip chọn Ving - To V dễ dàng
- Dùng V-ing với hành động kéo dài, To V với hành động ngắn
- Khi những động từ này ở bất kì thì tiếp diễn nào, ta không thể dùng V-ing
- Với những động từ chỉ suy nghĩ, hiểu biết ta phải dùng " To V": think, understand, remember, fofget, realize, recognize, appreciate, comprehend, know..
- Với những từ chỉ tình cảm, cảm xúc ta không dùng "Ving" : love, hate, miss, admire, respect, adore, feel, hear, see, smell, taste....
- Sau động từ khiếm khuyết (Modal verbs) + V nguyên mẫu : can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would .....
- Nếu động tự thứ hai diễn ra sau động từ thứ nhất thì động từ thứ hai là "to V"
- Nếu động từ thứ hai diễn ra trước từ thứ nhất thì động từ thứ hai là "Ving"
Bài tập cấu trúc v-ing và to v có đáp án
Bài 1: Chia động từ trong ngoặc cho đúng.
1.He agreed _____ (buy) a new car.
A. to buy
B. buy
C. buying
2. I can’t imagine Peter _____ (go) by bike.
A. to go
B. go
C. going
3. The question is easy _____ (answer).
A. to answer
B. answer
C. answering
4. The man asked me how _____ (get) to the airport.
A. to get
B. get
C. geting
5. I look forward to _____ (see) you at the weekend.
A. see
B. seeing
6. The boys like ( play) games but hate ( do) lessons.
A. to play - to do
B. play - do
C. playing - doing
7. Would you like ( go) now or shall we wait till the end?
A. going
B. to go
C. go
8. We used ( dream) of a television set when we (be) small.
A. dream - are
B. to dream - were
C. to dream - are
9. Would you mind ( show ) me how ( send) an email?
A. showing - to send
B. showing - sending
C. to show - to send
D. to show - sending
Bài 2. Chia động từ ở trong ngoặc
1. They are used to (prepare) new lessons.
2. By ( work) day and night , he succeeded in ( finish) the job in time.
3. His doctor advised him ( give) up ( smoke).
4. Please stop (talk). We will stop (eat) lunch in ten minutes.
5. Stop ( argue) and start( work).
6. I like ( think) carefully about things before ( make) decision.
7. Ask him ( come) in. Don`t keep him ( stand) at the door.
8. Did you succeed in ( solve) the problem?
9. Don’t forget ( lock) the door before (go) to bed.
10. Don’t try ( persuade) me . Nothing can make me ( change) my mind.
Bài 3. Chia động từ trong ngoặc
1. Sally and her family love (go) to the park in the summer.
2. Her mum likes (lie) on the blanket and loves (read) her favourite magazines.
3. Anna’s family (like) the park because they love (be) outdoors.
4. I enjoy (collect) dolls and it becomes my pleasure.
5. We love (watch) new films, and we (go) to watch a new Hollywood film next weekend.
6. My brother hates (do) the same things day after day.
7. Would you mind _____________ (watch) my bag for a few minutes?
8. I enjoy _____________ (listen) to music while I’m doing the cooking.
9. He wants _____________ (buy) a new computer game.
10. I’d like _____________ (speak) to Mr Davis, please. Is he there?
11. Please avoid _____________ (make) silly mistakes in this exercise.
12. The children would love _____________ (eat) French fries.
13. She really loves _____________ (work) with children.
14. We tried _____________ (call) you but your mobile was off.
15. They intend _____________ (build) houses on the school playing fields.
Bài 4. Put the verb into either the gerund (-ing) or the infinitive (with 'to'):
1) I don't fancy (go) _______out tonight.
2) She avoided (tell)________ him about her plans.
3) I would like (come) ________to the party with you.
4) He enjoys (have)_______ a bath in the evening.
5) She kept (talk)_______ during the film.
6) I am learning (speak)_______ English.
7) Do you mind (give)_______ me a hand?
8) She helped me (carry)_______ my suitcases.
9) I've finished (cook)_______ - come and eat!
10) He decided (study)_______ biology.
11) I dislike (wait)_______.
12) He asked (come) _______ with us.
13) I promise (help)_______ you tomorrow.
14) We discussed (go)_______ to the cinema, but in the end we stayed at home.
15) She agreed (bring)_______ the pudding to the dinner.
16) I don't recommend (take)_______ the bus - it takes forever!
17) We hope (visit)_______ Amsterdam next month.
18) She suggested (go) _______ to the museum.
19) They plan (start) _______ college in the autumn.
20) I don't want (leave) _______ yet.
Bài 5. Choose the correct form of the word.
Question 1. He often lets other people _______ ahead.
A. move
B. to move
C. moving
Question 2. Would you mind _______ me lunch?
A. buy
B. to buy
C. buying
Question 3. I prefer ________ to walking.
A. drive
B. to drive
C. driving
Question 4 ________ on this beach is very pleasant.
A. Lie
B. To lie
C. Lying
Question 5. I tried _________ it to him, but he didn't understand.
A. explain
B. to explain
C. explaining
Question 6. After _________ the conditions I left.
A. hear
B. to hear
C. hearing
Question 7. I suggested _________ out in the rain.
A. not go
B. not to go
C. not going
Question 8. I decided _________ for the competition.
A. enter
B. to enter
C. entering
Question 9. Some people seem _______ very kind.
A. be
B. to be
C. being
Question 10. I have a passion for _________ to the newspapers.
A. write
B. to write
C. writing
Question 11. By _________ enormous wages she persuaded him to work for her.
A. offer
B. to offer
C. offering
Question 12. Try ________ your past.
A. forget
B. to forget
C. forgetting
Question 13. There's no point in _______ such dangerous things.
A. do
B. to do
C. doing
Question 14. He postponed _________ to the cinema.
A. go
B. to go
C. going
Question 15. It is usually easier ________ English in English-speaking countries.
A. learn
B. to learn
C. learning
Bài 5. Give the correct form of the word in bracket.
1. I’m very interested in __________________ Japanese. (learn)
2. My pen friend is coming next Sunday. I’m really looking forward __________________ him.
(meet)
3. Don’t you mind __________________ away from your family for such a long time? (be)
4. The daughter promised __________________ back by ten. (be)
5. I wanted to go alone but Joe insisted on __________________ with me. (come)
6. Tom offered __________________ me home. (bring)
7. Why not __________________ a weekend in Da Lat? (spend)
8. I’m sorry I can’t come to your birthday party but thank you for __________________ me. (invite)
9. Our neighbors apologized for __________________ such noise. (make)
10. Vietnam is always worth __________________ to. (travel)
Bài 6. Give the correct form.
1. We have taught our children __________ (wash) their hands before _____________ (eat).
2. __________________ (write) letters is more boring than __________________ (phone).
3. Jack decided __________________ (have) a break from work.
4. I refused __________________ (speak) with them.
5. We agreed __________________ (meet) them at the airport.
6. There is no sense in ____________ (earn) more money than you can ___________(spend).
7. They made us __________________ (leave) the campsite after __________________ (make) such a mess.
8. "Do you mind __________________ (work) overtime ?, " asked the boss
9. She has never known how __________________ (fry) a steak.
10. The doctor made him _________ (promise) _____________ (reduce) his
__________________ (smoke).
Bài 7. Gerund or Infinitive?
1. Did I really tell you I was unhappy? I don't remember ___________________ (say) that.
2. The water here is not very good. I'd avoid ___________________ (drink) it if I were you.
3. I pretended ___________________ (be) interested in the conversation.
4. I got up and looked out of the window ___________________ (see) what the weather was
like.
5. I have a friend who claims ___________________ (be) able to speak 5 languages.
6. I like ___________________ (think) carefully about things before ___________________
(make) a decision.
7. Steve used ___________________ (be) a footballer. He had to stop
___________________ (play) because of an injury.
8. How do you ___________________ (make) this machine work ? - I'm not sure. Try
___________________ (press) the button and see what happens !
9. What do you advise me ___________________ ? (do)
10. They intend ___________________ a new house next year. (buy)
Bài 8. Gerund or Infinitive (with or without TO) . Fill in the correct form.
1. They can’t afford _______ (GO) to a restaurant that often.
2. Why do you insist on _______ (INVITE) them?
3. We were so hungry that I suggested _______ (HAVE) dinner early.
4. They denied _______ (STEAL) the jewels.
5. I have never dreamed of _______ (WIN) the championship.
6. I refuse _______ (ANSWER) any more of your ridiculous questions.
7. My mother threatened _______ (CALL) the police.
8. I don’t enjoy _______ (DRIVE) as much as I used to.
9. We were unlucky _______ (LOSE) the game . We deserved (WIN).
10. Please remember _______ (LOCK) the door when you leave.
Bài 9. Give the correct form of the word in bracket.
1. She promised __________________ (not object) to his __________________ (smoke).
2. They continued __________________ (eat) after the interruption.
3. I am not in the habit of __________________ (smoke) in the car.
4. Ann reminded me __________________ (finish) my work on time.
5. He'd better __________________ (get) used to __________________ (work) harder.
6. I am capable of __________________ (stand) on my head and __________________ (play) the saxophone.
7. You'd better __________________ (start) __________________ (dig) the garden.
8. I expected someone __________________ (pick) up these papers.
9. The Romans were quite happy about Hannibal __________________ (not attack) Rome.
10. It was interesting __________________ (watch) our cat __________________ (play)
Bài 10. Write the correct form of the verbs.
1. Vietnamese students love (go) _______ picnic at the weekend.
2. I hate (spend) ___ all day on (go) _____fishing.
3. People in Britain love (drink)______ tea with milk.
4. Do you like (listen) _____to music.
5. Does Anna fancy (watch) _______horrible movies.
6. I prefer (make) ______craft to (draw) _______a picture.
7. Kate loves (hang out)_____ with her friends on her birthday.
8. I detest (eat) _____ fish.
9. Do you mind (turn)_____ off the TV?
10. Does she adore (work) _____with handicapped students?
Bài 11. Write the correct form of the verbs.
1. I can't stand (wear) ______ such an awful dress.
2. Can I go outside now ? I've finished (do)_________ my homework.
3. Friends you can trust will never fail (help) ____________ you.
4. I don't mind (do) _________ the dishes. I've got all the time in the world.
5. George hopes (become) ________ a great lawyer one day.
6. She admitted (make) ______ a serious mistake.
7. Jane promised her mother (be) ________ back by 11.
8. The actor imagined (get)______ an Oscar for the best supporting role.
Bài 12. Gerund or Infinitive – Fill in the correct form.
1. Do you feel like (go)_______ to the theatre on Friday?
2. I spent a lot of time (make)_______ a birthday cake for him.
3. He agreed (see)_______ me at ten o'clock
4. They promised (read) _______my report today
5. I suggest (pay) _______by check, it's safer than cash
6. He offered (make) _______dinner for us.
7. He put off (see) _______her until very late in the afternoon.
8. I refused (pay) _______for the repairs.
9. I've finished (read)_______ that book at last!
10. We decided (go)_______ to the cinema instead
11. I enjoyed the play. The (act)_______ was very good.
12. I love going to her class, her (teach) _______is never boring.
13. He's my favourite writer, his (write) _______is wonderful.
14. His (complain)_______ is getting on my nerves. He's never happy.
15. They have terrible debts. Their (spend) _______is out of control
Bài 13. Choose the correct form of the word.
1) I don't mind __________________ up in London. I am used to it ! (to queue/ queue/ queuing)
2) After __________________ the man tried to escape from jail. (being arrested/ be arrested/ is arrested)
3) At night, when all is silent, I can hear mice __________________ in the attic. (to run/ ran/ running)
4) Please Mum, watch me __________________ my homework ! (do/ did/ doing)
5) As the girl was jogging along the river, she saw an old man __________________ into the water. (to jumping/ jumped/ jump)
6) I forgot __________________ Marion to my friends; she was very cross with me. (introduce/ to introduce/ introducing)
7) On New Year's Day, I always promise to stop __________________. (smoke to smoke/ smoking)
8) We forgot __________________ the cat in; the poor thing almost froze to death. (let/ to letting/ to let)
9) She left the room in a hurry, without __________________ goodbye. (to say/ saying/ say)
10) After driving for hours on the A3, we stopped __________________ a rest. (to have/ having/ have)
11) I remember __________________ the President when I was five. (to meet/ meet/ meeting)
12) Would you mind __________________ in my bedroom, please? (not smoking/ not smoke/ not to smoke)
Bài 14. Write the correct answer.
1. We encouraged her ____________ (succeed in ) _____________ (become) a top player.
2. It's no good _____________ (force) him to go with us.
3. I promised ____________ (care) for the cat but I'm not much good at __________________ (babysit).
4. The people thanked me for __________ (offer) _____________ (help) them.
5. I begged her _____________ (not accuse) me of _____________ (ruin) her hairstyle by _______ (try) _____________ (kiss) her.
6. It is not worth __________ (help) him __________ (do) the job.
7. I let him _________ (choose) between _________ (fly) and__________________ (take) the train.
8. The film was really worth __________ (see) so we made Mary ___________ (go) to the movies with us.
9. Her forced us ___________ (accept) his offer by ___________ (raise) it by 5 %.
10. Normally I enjoy ___________ (go) out but today I'd prefer _________ (stay) indoors
ĐÁP ÁN CÓ TRONG FILE TẢI VỀ.
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