Cấu trúc So Such Too Enough
Tài liệu ôn tập Tiếng Anh chuyên đề Cấu trúc và cách dùng So Such Too Enough dưới đây nằm trong bộ đề Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh cơ bản do VnDoc.com sưu tầm và đăng tải. Lý thuyết Tiếng Anh bao gồm cấu trúc, nguyên tắc nối câu dùng Enough, Too ... to, So ... that, Such ... that, hay những cấu trúc câu chuyển so that thành such that, đổi từ so .... that sang too ... to và cấu trúc đổi too ... to thành enough ... Và 6 bài tập Tiếng Anh có đáp án khác nhau giúp bạn đọc củng cố kiến thức đã học hiệu quả.
Too Enough So Such Grammar & Exercise
I. Cấu trúc với ENOUGH (đủ)
Enough có hai công thức cơ bản:
1) adj/adv + enough (for sb) to inf
2) enough + N (for sb ) to inf
Các bạn lưu ý: tính từ ,trạng từ thì đứng trước enough còn danh từ thì đứng sau enough
Ex:
He is strong enough to lift the box.(anh ta đủ khỏe để nhấc cái hộp)
He doesn't drive carefully enough to pass the driving test
I don't have enough money to buy a car.(tôi không có đủ tiền để mua xe hơi)
* Nếu chủ từ thực hiện cả 2 hành động (động từ chính và to inf ) là một thì không có phần (for sb),còn nếu là hai đối tượng khác nhau thì đối tượng thực hiện hành động to inf sẽ được thể hiện trong phần for sb.
Ex:
I study well enough to pass the exam.(tôi học giỏi đủ để thi đậu)
The exercise is not easy for me to do.(bài tập không đủ dễ để tôi có thể làm được )
*Khi chủ từ và túc từ của V chính và túc từ của to inf là một thì túc từ đó được hiểu nghầm không viết ra
Ex:
The exercise is not easy for me to do it.(sai)
The exercise is not easy for me to do.(đúng)
Tóm lại các bạn cần nhớ 3 nguyên tắc sau đây
3 NGUYÊN TẮC CẦN NHỚ KHI NỐI CÂU DÙNG ENOUGH:
1) Nguyên tắc thứ nhất: Nếu trước tính từ ,trạng từ có : too, so, very, quite ,extremely... Trước danh từ có many, much, a lot of, lots of thì phải bỏ.
He is very intelligent. He can do it.
->He is very intelligent enough to do it (sai)
->He is intelligent enough to do it.(đúng)
He has a lot of money .He can buy a car.
->He has enough a lot of money to buy a car.(sai)
->He has enough money to buy a car.(đúng)
2) Nguyên tắc thứ hai: Nếu chủ từ hai câu giống nhau thì bỏ phần for sb
Ex:
Tom is strong. He can lift the box.
->Tom is strong enough for him to lift the box.(sai)
->Tom is strong enough to lift the box.(đúng)
The weather is fine. Mary and her little brother can go to school.
->The weather is fine enough to go to school.(sai)
->The weather is fine enough for Mary and her little brother to go to school.(đúng)
* Tuy nhiên nếu chủ từ câu sau có ý chung chung thì cũng có thể bỏ đi.
Ex:
The sun is not warm .We can't live on it.
->The sun is not warm enough to live on. (we ở đây chỉ chung chung, mọi người)
3) Nguyên tắc thứ ba: Nếu chủ từ câu đầu và túc từ câu sau là một thì phải bỏ túc từ câu sau
Ex:
The water is quite warm .I can drink it.
->The water is warm enough for me to drink it. (sai)
->The water is warm enough for me to drink. (đúng)
II. Cấu trúc với TOO
S+V + too + Adj/ Adv (for sbd) to V |
3 NGUYÊN TẮC CẦN NHỚ KHI NỐI CÂU DÙNG TOO...TO
Cũng giống như enough, too...to có các nguyên tắc sau
1)Nguyên tắc thứ nhất : Nếu trước tính từ ,trạng từ có: too ,so ,very , quite ,extremely... thì phải bỏ.
2) Nguyên tắc thứ hai: Nếu chủ từ hai câu giống nhau thì bỏ phần for sb
3) Nguyên tắc thứ ba: Nếu chủ từ câu đầu và túc từ câu sau là một thì phải bỏ túc từ câu sau
Ex:
He is so weak .He can't run.-> He is too weak to run.
The coffee was very hot .I could drink it.-> The coffee was too hot for me to drink.
III. Cấu trúc SO ...THAT (QUÁ ....ĐẾN NỖI)
CÔNG THỨC : SO + ADJ/ADV + THAT + clause
- Cách nối câu dùng so...that
+ Trước adj/adv nếu có too, so, very,quite...thì bỏ
+ Nếu có a lot of ,lots of thì phải đổi thành much,many
+ Sau that viết lại toàn bộ mệnh đề
Ex:
He is very strong .He can lift the box.
-> He is so strong that he can lift the box.
He ate a lot of food. He became ill.
-> He ate so much food that he became ill.
He bought lots of books. He didn't know where to put them.
-> He bought so many books that he didn't know where to put them.
IV. Cấu trúc SUCH...THAT (quá... đến nỗi… )
Công thức : SUCH( a/an) + adj + N + THAT + clause
-Cách nối câu dùng such….that
+ Trước adj/adv nếu có too, so, very, quite...thì bỏ
+ Nếu danh từ là số ít hoặc không đếm được thì không dùng (a/an)
+ Nếu sau adj không có danh từ thì lấy danh từ ở đầu câu vào rồi thế đại từ vào chủ từ .
Ex:
He is a very lazy boy. No one likes him.
->He is such a lazy boy that no one likes him.
The coffee is too hot .I can't drink it.
->It is such hot coffee that I can't drink it.
Her voice is very soft .Everyone likes her.-
>She has such a soft voice that everyone likes her.
+ Nếu trước danh từ có much, many thì phải đổi thành a lot of.
Ex:
He bought many books. He didn't know where to put them.
-> He bought such a lot of books that he didn't know where to put them
V. Dạng đề thường gặp về Too... to, So ... that, Such ... that, Enough
1) ĐỔI TỪ SO ..THAT => SUCH ....THAT:
Cách làm :
Thêm such ( a,an) đem tính từ xuống ,đem danh từ xuống ,từ that trở đi viết lại hết
=> ĐẠI TỪ + BE SUCH ( A, AN ) ADJ + N + THAT CLAUSE
The book is so interesting that I have read it many times.
=> It is such an interesting book that I have read it many times.
Note: Nếu danh từ là số ít hoặc không đếm được thì không có a, an
2) ĐỔI TỪ SO ..THAT => TOO...TO:
Cách làm :
Thêm tính từ vào , bỏ can' , couldn't lấy từ động từ trở đi
Nếu chủ từ 2 câu khác nhau thì thêm phần for sb
Nếu túc từ câu sau giống chủ từ câu đầu thì bỏ túc từ đó đi
=> S + BE + TOO + adj +( FOR SB ) TO INF ...
The water is so hot that I can't drink it.
=> The water is too hot for me to drink.
- Nếu đổi nguợc lại từ TOO...TO sang SO ..THAT thì thường sai nhất là việc quên thêm túc từ vào và chia sai thì
3) ĐỔI TỪ TOO...TO + V => ENOUGH :
Cách làm :
- Dùng tính từ phản nghĩa + enough
- Viết lại hết phần sau
He is too weak to run fast
=> He isn't strong enough to run fast.
VI. Too Enough So Such exercises pdf
1) Put in the blanks with SO or SUCH:
1) Come on! Don’t walk ………..slowly.
2) I’ve never read ………..an interesting book.
3) Everything is …….expensive these days, isn’t it?
4) It was……….a boring film that I fell asleep at once.
5) The wind was ……….strong. It was difficult to sleep.
6) I like Tom and Ann. They are ……….nice.
7) I’m afraid I can’t remember. It was…….. a long time ago.
8) After living there for ………long, he must know the town very well.
9) Why are you in ……..a hurry?
10) We have………much to do.
2) Fill in the blanks with SO MANY/SO MUCH
1) We have …………problems that we can’t go to bed early.
2) Why have you got………….furniture?
3) There was………….food that everyone ate too much.
4) There were…………guests that there weren’t enough food.
5) Why did you buy ……….beer?
6) Doctor Smith has ………….patients that he ‘s always busy.
7) I ate ……sandwiches that I felt ill.
8) My father has ………….things to do that he can’t come back home tonight.
9) They drank………..wine that they couldn’t walk.
10) The bank of this river has got ………..weeds that we can’t swim.
3) Rewrite these sentences using the cues provided with SO/SUCH?TOO/ENOUGH
1) We went to bed early because we were very tired.
We were so……………………..
2) The lesson is very difficul We can’t understand it.
It is such…………………………………..
3) The car is so old that he doesn’t want to drive it.
It is such…………………………..
4) The weather was very cold. We couldn’t go out.
The weather was too……………...
5) The film was so interesting that we couldn’t miss it.
It was such………………..
6) David has too many girlfriends . He can’t remember all of their names.
David has so………………...
7) Tom drives too fast, so he often causes accidents.
Tom drives so…………………….
8) This is good tea. I think I’ll have another cup.
This is such………………………….....
9) John was very angry. He couldn’t say anything.
John was too……………………………..
10) These exercises are so long that I can’t finish them in an hour.
They are……………….
11) She is old. She can work by herself. (Enough)
She is…………………………………………
12) The boy is intelligent.He can understand you. (Enough)
The boy is……………………………
13) Mai is good. She can pass the examination. (Enough)
Mai is…………………………………………
14) The story is short. We can read it in one hour. (Enough)
The story is……………………………………
15) The film was very good. We saw it through. (Enough)
The film was……………………………………
16) The play was very amusing. They enjoyed it. (Enough)
The play was……………………………
17) The children were very late. They couldn’t see the display of fireworks.(Too)
It was…..
18) Your brother is very young. He can’t go swimming.(Too)
He is…..………..……..
19) The sound is very low. We can’t hear it.(Too)
The sound was…………………………..
20) This book is very difficult. I can’t read it.(Too)
This book is………………..
4. Viết lại câu không thay đổi nghĩa:
1) The room is so tidy that it took us one hour to clean it.
=> It is .…
2) The man is so fool that no one took any notice of him.
=> He is .…
3) The film is so long that they can't broadcast it on one night.
=> It is ..…
4) The books are so interesting that we have read them many times.
=> They are..…
5) The news was so bad that she burst into tears on hearing it.
=> It was.…
6) The food was so hot that it turned my tongue.
=> It was..…
7) There is so much rain that we can't go out.
=> There is such.…
8) The boy is so fat that every calls him Stuffy.
=> He is .…
9) The milk is so excellent that all the children want some more.
=> It is .…
10) The weather was so warm that they had a walk in the garden.
=> It was.…
11) There were so many people in the hall that we couldn't see him.
=> There were such…
12) The match was so exciting that all the fans shouted loudly.
=> It was…
13) They drank so much coffee that they couldn't sleep all night.
=> They drunk such..…
14) Alice had so many exercises to do that she couldn't go out.
=> Alice had such..…
15) The woman was so poor that she needed everyone's help.
=> She was ..…
5. Viết lại câu dùng ....TO…
1) The weather is so bad that we can’t go out.
=> The weather is too……..
2) The film was so boring that we couldn’t go on seeing it.
=> The film was too…..
3) He was so old that he couldn’t run fast.
=> He was too…..
4) He spoke so fast that we couldn’t understand him.
=> He spoke too…..
5) The fair was so noisy that we couldn’t hear each other.
=> The fair was too….
6) You speak so fast that I can’t catch up with your words.
=> You speak too……
7) It is so early that we can’t go out.
=> It is too…..
8) The water is so hot that I can’t drink it.
=> The water is too……
9) The restaurant is so expensive that we can’t eat in that restaurant.
=> The restaurant is too………
10) He studied so badly that he couldn’t pass the exam.
=> He studied too…….
6. Combine each of the following pairs of sentences into one sentence using too/enough with infinitive.
1 You are very young. You can't have a front-door key.
2 It is very cold. We can't bathe.
3 Would you be very kind and answer this letter by return?
4 I am rather old. I can't wear that kind of hat.
5 The ladder wasn't very long. It didn't reach the window.
6 He hadn't much money. He couldn't live on it. (Omit it.)
7 He was furious. He couldn't speak.
8 The fire isn't very hot. It won't boil a kettle.
9 Tom was very foolish. He told lies to the police.
10 You are quite thin. You could slip between the bars.
11 He is very ill. He can't eat anything.
12 Our new car is very wide. It won't get through those gates.
13 The floor wasn't strong. We couldn't dance on it. (Omit it.)
14 I was terrified. I couldn't move.
15 The bull isn't big. He couldn't harm you.
16 The coffee isn't strong. It won't keep us awake.
17 The river is deep. We can't wade it. (Omit it.)
18 He is lazy. He won't get up early.
19 He won't get up early so he never catches the fast train.
20 Would you be very good and forward my letters while I am away?
21 The ice is quite thick. We can walk on it. (Omit it.)
22 He was very drunk. He couldn't answer my question.
23 It is very cold. We can't have breakfast in the garden.
24 He was extremely rash. He set off up the mountain in a thick fog.
25 We aren't very high. We can't see the summit.
26 You aren't very old. You can't understand these things.
27 He was very snobbish. He wouldn't talk to any of us.
28 The package is very thick. I can't push it through the letterbox. (Omit it.)
29 She was very mean. She never gave to charity.
30 He is very impatient. He never listens to anyone.
31 I was very tired. I couldn't walk any further.
32 It's not very dark. We can't see the stars clearly.
33 It was very hot. You could fry an egg on the pavement.
34 The oranges were very bitter. We couldn't eat them. (Omit them.)
35 Would you be very kind and turn down the radio a little?
36 He is very selfish. He wouldn't put himself out for anyone.
ĐÁP ÁN
1) Put in the blanks with SO or SUCH:
1) Come on! Don’t walk …so……..slowly.
2) I’ve never read …such……..an interesting book.
3) Everything is …so….expensive these days, isn’t it?
4) It was…such…….a boring film that I fell asleep at once.
5) The wind was ……so….strong. It was difficult to sleep.
6) I like Tom and Ann. They are ……so….nice.
7) I’m afraid I can’t remember. It was…such….. a long time ago.
8) After living there for …so……long, he must know the town very well.
9) Why are you in …such…..a hurry?
10) We have…so……much to do.
2) Fill in the blanks with SO MANY/SO MUCH
1) We have ……so many……problems that we can’t go to bed early.
2) Why have you got……so many…….furniture?
3) There was……so much…….food that everyone ate too much.
4) There were……so many……guests that there weren’t enough food.
5) Why did you buy …so much…….beer?
6) Doctor Smith has ……so much…….patients that he ‘s always busy.
7) I ate …so much…sandwiches that I felt ill.
8) My father has ……so many…….things to do that he can’t come back home tonight.
9) They drank……so much…..wine that they couldn’t walk.
10) The bank of this river has got …so much……..weeds that we can’t swim.
3) Rewrite these sentences using the cues provided with SO/SUCH/ TOO/ENOUGH
1) We went to bed early because we were very tired.
We were so………tired that we went to bed early……..
2) The lesson is very difficult We can’t understand it.
It is such………a difficult lesson that we can’t understand it……..
3) The car is so old that he doesn’t want to drive it.
It is such………an old car that he doesn’t want to drive it……..
4) The weather was very cold. We couldn’t go out.
The weather was too………cold (for us) to go out.……...
5) The film was so interesting that we couldn’t miss it.
It was such…………an interesting film that we couldn’t miss it.……..
6) David has too many girlfriends . He can’t remember all of their names.
David has so………many friends that he can’t remember all of their names. .………...
7) Tom drives too fast, so he often causes accidents.
Tom drives so……………fast that he often cause accidents.……….
8) This is good tea. I think I’ll have another cup.
This is such…………good tea that I think I’ll have another cup………….....
9) John was very angry. He couldn’t say anything.
John was too………angry to say anything…………..
10) These exercises are so long that I can’t finish them in an hour.
They are………long exercises that I can’t finish them in an hour.……….
11) She is old. She can work by herself. (Enough)
She is………old enough to work by herself.………………
12) The boy is intelligent. He can understand you. (Enough)
The boy is………intelligent enough to understand you.……
13) Mai is good. She can pass the examination. (Enough)
Mai is………good enough to pass the examination.…………
14) The story is short. We can read it in one hour. (Enough)
The story is…………short enough for us to read in one hour.……………
15) The film was very good. We saw it through. (Enough)
The film was………good enough (for us) to see…………
16) The play was very amusing. They enjoyed it. (Enough)
The play was………amusing enough to enjoy.…………
17) The children were very late. They couldn’t see the display of fireworks.(Too)
It was…s too late for the children to see the display of fireworks..
18) Your brother is very young. He can’t go swimming.(Too)
He is…..……too young to go swimming.…..……..
19) The sound is very low. We can’t hear it.(Too)
The sound was…………too low (for us) to hear…………..
20) This book is very difficult. I can’t read it.(Too)
This book is…………too difficult (for me) to read.……..
4. Viết lại câu không thay đổi nghĩa:
1) The room is so tidy that it took us one hour to clean it.
=> It is . such a tidy room that it took us one hour to clean it…
2) The man is so fool that no one took any notice of him.
=> He is .such a fool man that no one took any notice of him.…
3) The film is so long that they can't broadcast it on one night.
=> It is ..such a long film that they can't broadcast it on one night…
4) The books are so interesting that we have read them many times.
=> They are ..such interesting books that we have read them many times.…
5) The news was so bad that she burst into tears on hearing it.
=> It was .such bad news that she burst into tears on hearing it…
6) The food was so hot that it turned my tongue.
=> It was ..such hot food that it turned my tongue.…
7) There is so much rain that we can't go out.
=> There is such.…a lot of rain that we can't go out.....
8) The boy is so fat that every calls him Stuffy.
=> He is .such a fat boy that every calls him Stuffy.…
9) The milk is so excellent that all the children want some more.
=> It is .such excellent milk that all the children want some more…
10) The weather was so warm that they had a walk in the garden.
=> It was.…such warm weather that they had a walk in the garden....
11) There were so many people in the hall that we couldn't see him.
=> There were such…such a lot of people in the hall that we couldn't see him.....
12) The match was so exciting that all the fans shouted loudly.
=> It was…such an exciting match that all the fans shouted loudly...
13) They drank so much coffee that they couldn't sleep all night.
=> They drunk such..…a lot of coffee that they couldn't sleep all night.....
14) Alice had so many exercises to do that she couldn't go out.
=> Alice had such..…a lot of exercises to do that she couldn't go out.....
15) The woman was so poor that she needed everyone's help.
=> She was ..…such a poor woman that she needed everyone's....
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