Cấu trúc So Such Too Enough
Tài liệu ôn tập Tiếng Anh chuyên đề Cấu trúc và cách dùng So Such Too Enough dưới đây nằm trong bộ đề Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh cơ bản do VnDoc.com sưu tầm và đăng tải. Lý thuyết Tiếng Anh bao gồm cấu trúc, nguyên tắc nối câu dùng Enough, Too ... to, So ... that, Such ... that, hay những cấu trúc câu chuyển so that thành such that, đổi từ so .... that sang too ... to và cấu trúc đổi too ... to thành enough ... Và 10 bài tập Tiếng Anh có đáp án khác nhau giúp bạn đọc củng cố kiến thức đã học hiệu quả.
Too Enough So Such Grammar & Exercise
- Infographic về Cấu trúc So - Such - Too - Enough
- 1. Cấu trúc SO... THAT (Quá... đến nỗi mà...)
- 2. Cấu trúc SUCH... THAT (Quá... đến nỗi mà...)
- 3. Cấu trúc TOO... TO (Quá... để làm gì / Không thể làm gì)
- 4. Cấu trúc ENOUGH (Đủ... để làm gì)
- 💡 Quy tắc vàng khi chuyển đổi câu (Viết lại câu)
- 5. Dạng đề thường gặp về Too... to, So ... that, Such ... that, Enough
- 6. Too Enough So Such exercises pdf
Infographic về Cấu trúc So - Such - Too - Enough
Bốn cấu trúc So, Such, Too, và Enough là nhóm ngữ pháp chỉ mức độ cực kỳ phổ biến trong tiếng Anh. Chúng thường được dùng để nối câu hoặc biến đổi câu qua lại lẫn nhau.
Dưới đây là sơ đồ tóm tắt cách phối hợp vị trí của 4 từ này với Tính từ (Adj), Trạng từ (Adv) và Danh từ (N) để bạn dễ nhớ:
So + Adj / Adv
Such + (a/an) + Adj + N
Too + Adj / Adv
Adj / Adv + Enough + N
1. Cấu trúc SO... THAT (Quá... đến nỗi mà...)
Cấu trúc này dùng để nhấn mạnh một tính chất hoặc hành động dẫn đến một kết quả nào đó.
Với Tính từ:
S + be + so + Adj + that + S + V
Ví dụ:
The water is so cold that we cannot swim. (Nước quá lạnh đến nỗi chúng tôi không thể bơi.)
Với Trạng từ:
S + V + so + Adv + that + S + V
Ví dụ:
He ran so fast that no one could catch him. (Anh ấy chạy quá nhanh đến nỗi không ai đuổi kịp.)
Với Danh từ đếm được số nhiều:
S + V + so + many/few + N (số nhiều) + that + S + V
Ví dụ:
There were so many people that I couldn't find a seat. (Có quá nhiều người đến nỗi tôi không tìm được chỗ ngồi.)
Với Danh từ không đếm được:
S + V + so + much/little + N (không đếm được) + that + S + V
Ví dụ:
He spent so much money that he became broke. (Anh ấy tiêu quá nhiều tiền đến nỗi phá sản.)
2. Cấu trúc SUCH... THAT (Quá... đến nỗi mà...)
Cấu trúc này có ý nghĩa hoàn toàn giống So... that nhưng từ loại đi kèm sau nó bắt buộc phải là một cụm danh từ.
Công thức chính:
S + V + such + (a/an) + Adj + N + that + S + V
Ví dụ:
It is such a heavy box that I cannot lift it. (Đó là một chiếc hộp quá nặng đến nỗi tôi không thể nhấc nổi.)
Ví dụ:
They are such beautiful flowers that everyone stops to look. (Đó là những bông hoa quá đẹp đến nỗi ai cũng dừng lại nhìn.)
3. Cấu trúc TOO... TO (Quá... để làm gì / Không thể làm gì)
Cấu trúc mang nghĩa tiêu cực, diễn tả một đặc điểm vượt quá mức cho phép khiến một hành động không thể xảy ra.
Công thức chính:
S + be/V + too + Adj/Adv + (for somebody) + to-V
Ví dụ:
The coffee is too hot for me to drink. (Cà phê quá nóng để tôi có thể uống - nghĩa là tôi không uống được).
Ví dụ:
She speaks too quickly for us to understand. (Cô ấy nói quá nhanh để chúng tôi có thể hiểu.)
4. Cấu trúc ENOUGH (Đủ... để làm gì)
Trái ngược với Too, cấu trúc này mang nghĩa tích cực hoặc trung tính, chỉ một điều gì đó đạt vừa đủ mức độ cần thiết.
Vị trí quan trọng cần nhớ: Enough đứng sau Tính từ/Trạng từ nhưng đứng trước Danh từ.
Với Tính từ / Trạng từ:
S + be/V + Adj/Adv + enough + (for somebody) + to-V
Ví dụ:
He is old enough to drive a car. (Anh ấy đã đủ tuổi để lái ô tô).
Ví dụ:
She didn't run fast enough to catch the bus. (Cô ấy đã không chạy đủ nhanh để bắt kịp xe buýt.)
Với Danh từ:
S + V + enough + N + (for somebody) + to-V
Ví dụ: I have enough money to buy this phone. (Tôi có đủ tiền để mua chiếc điện thoại này).
Lưu ý:
Nếu chủ từ thực hiện cả 2 hành động (động từ chính và to inf ) là một thì không có phần (for sb), còn nếu là hai đối tượng khác nhau thì đối tượng thực hiện hành động to inf sẽ được thể hiện trong phần for sb.
Ex:
I study well enough to pass the exam.(tôi học giỏi đủ để thi đậu)
The exercise is not easy for me to do.(bài tập không đủ dễ để tôi có thể làm được )
💡 Quy tắc vàng khi chuyển đổi câu (Viết lại câu)
Khi làm các bài tập viết lại câu qua lại giữa 4 cấu trúc này, bạn cần ghi nhớ 3 lưu ý cốt lõi:
- Tính từ trái nghĩa: Khi chuyển từ cấu trúc Too sang Enough (hoặc ngược lại), bạn phải dùng tính từ trái nghĩa và thêm/bớt từ phủ định not.
Ví dụ: He is too young to drive. → He is not old enough to drive.
- Bỏ trạng từ chỉ mức độ: Khi đổi câu sang cấu trúc có Too, Enough, So, Such, hãy lược bỏ các trạng từ như very, quite, extremely, so ở câu gốc để tránh lặp nghĩa.
- Quy tắc về Tân ngữ (Object): Nếu chủ ngữ của câu thứ nhất trùng với tân ngữ của câu thứ hai, thì khi viết lại bằng cấu trúc Too... to hoặc Enough... to, bạn phải bỏ tân ngữ đó đi.
Ví dụ câu gốc: The soup is very hot. I cannot eat it.
Viết lại đúng: The soup is too hot for me to eat. (Không dùng "to eat it").
Nhưng với So/Such thì vẫn giữ nguyên: The soup is so hot that I cannot eat it.
5. Dạng đề thường gặp về Too... to, So ... that, Such ... that, Enough
1) ĐỔI TỪ SO ..THAT => SUCH ....THAT:
Cách làm :
Thêm such ( a, an) đem tính từ xuống ,đem danh từ xuống ,từ that trở đi viết lại hết
=> ĐẠI TỪ + BE SUCH ( A, AN ) ADJ + N + THAT CLAUSE
The book is so interesting that I have read it many times.
=> It is such an interesting book that I have read it many times.
Note: Nếu danh từ là số ít hoặc không đếm được thì không có a, an
2) ĐỔI TỪ SO ..THAT => TOO...TO:
Cách làm :
Thêm tính từ vào , bỏ can' , couldn't lấy từ động từ trở đi
Nếu chủ từ 2 câu khác nhau thì thêm phần for sb
Nếu túc từ câu sau giống chủ từ câu đầu thì bỏ túc từ đó đi
=> S + BE + TOO + adj +( FOR SB ) TO INF ...
The water is so hot that I can't drink it.
=> The water is too hot for me to drink.
- Nếu đổi nguợc lại từ TOO...TO sang SO ..THAT thì thường sai nhất là việc quên thêm túc từ vào và chia sai thì
3) ĐỔI TỪ TOO...TO + V => ENOUGH :
Cách làm :
- Dùng tính từ phản nghĩa + enough
- Viết lại hết phần sau
He is too weak to run fast
=> He isn't strong enough to run fast.
6. Too Enough So Such exercises pdf
1) Put in the blanks with SO or SUCH:
1) Come on! Don’t walk ………..slowly.
2) I’ve never read ………..an interesting book.
3) Everything is …….expensive these days, isn’t it?
4) It was……….a boring film that I fell asleep at once.
5) The wind was ……….strong. It was difficult to sleep.
6) I like Tom and Ann. They are ……….nice.
7) I’m afraid I can’t remember. It was…….. a long time ago.
8) After living there for ………long, he must know the town very well.
9) Why are you in ……..a hurry?
10) We have………much to do.
2) Fill in the blanks with SO MANY/SO MUCH
1) We have …………problems that we can’t go to bed early.
2) Why have you got………….furniture?
3) There was………….food that everyone ate too much.
4) There were…………guests that there weren’t enough food.
5) Why did you buy ……….beer?
6) Doctor Smith has ………….patients that he ‘s always busy.
7) I ate ……sandwiches that I felt ill.
8) My father has ………….things to do that he can’t come back home tonight.
9) They drank………..wine that they couldn’t walk.
10) The bank of this river has got ………..weeds that we can’t swim.
3) Rewrite these sentences using the cues provided with SO/SUCH?TOO/ENOUGH
1) We went to bed early because we were very tired.
We were so……………………..
2) The lesson is very difficul We can’t understand it.
It is such…………………………………..
3) The car is so old that he doesn’t want to drive it.
It is such…………………………..
4) The weather was very cold. We couldn’t go out.
The weather was too……………...
5) The film was so interesting that we couldn’t miss it.
It was such………………..
6) David has too many girlfriends . He can’t remember all of their names.
David has so………………...
7) Tom drives too fast, so he often causes accidents.
Tom drives so…………………….
8) This is good tea. I think I’ll have another cup.
This is such………………………….....
9) John was very angry. He couldn’t say anything.
John was too……………………………..
10) These exercises are so long that I can’t finish them in an hour.
They are……………….
11) She is old. She can work by herself. (Enough)
She is…………………………………………
12) The boy is intelligent.He can understand you. (Enough)
The boy is……………………………
13) Mai is good. She can pass the examination. (Enough)
Mai is…………………………………………
14) The story is short. We can read it in one hour. (Enough)
The story is……………………………………
15) The film was very good. We saw it through. (Enough)
The film was……………………………………
16) The play was very amusing. They enjoyed it. (Enough)
The play was……………………………
17) The children were very late. They couldn’t see the display of fireworks.(Too)
It was…..
18) Your brother is very young. He can’t go swimming.(Too)
He is…..………..……..
19) The sound is very low. We can’t hear it.(Too)
The sound was…………………………..
20) This book is very difficult. I can’t read it.(Too)
This book is………………..
4. Viết lại câu không thay đổi nghĩa:
1) The room is so tidy that it took us one hour to clean it.
=> It is .…
2) The man is so fool that no one took any notice of him.
=> He is .…
3) The film is so long that they can't broadcast it on one night.
=> It is ..…
4) The books are so interesting that we have read them many times.
=> They are..…
5) The news was so bad that she burst into tears on hearing it.
=> It was.…
6) The food was so hot that it turned my tongue.
=> It was..…
7) There is so much rain that we can't go out.
=> There is such.…
8) The boy is so fat that every calls him Stuffy.
=> He is .…
9) The milk is so excellent that all the children want some more.
=> It is .…
10) The weather was so warm that they had a walk in the garden.
=> It was.…
11) There were so many people in the hall that we couldn't see him.
=> There were such…
12) The match was so exciting that all the fans shouted loudly.
=> It was…
13) They drank so much coffee that they couldn't sleep all night.
=> They drunk such..…
14) Alice had so many exercises to do that she couldn't go out.
=> Alice had such..…
15) The woman was so poor that she needed everyone's help.
=> She was ..…
5. Viết lại câu dùng ....TO…
1) The weather is so bad that we can’t go out.
=> The weather is too……..
2) The film was so boring that we couldn’t go on seeing it.
=> The film was too…..
3) He was so old that he couldn’t run fast.
=> He was too…..
4) He spoke so fast that we couldn’t understand him.
=> He spoke too…..
5) The fair was so noisy that we couldn’t hear each other.
=> The fair was too….
6) You speak so fast that I can’t catch up with your words.
=> You speak too……
7) It is so early that we can’t go out.
=> It is too…..
8) The water is so hot that I can’t drink it.
=> The water is too……
9) The restaurant is so expensive that we can’t eat in that restaurant.
=> The restaurant is too………
10) He studied so badly that he couldn’t pass the exam.
=> He studied too…….
6. Combine each of the following pairs of sentences into one sentence using too/enough with infinitive.
1 You are very young. You can't have a front-door key.
2 It is very cold. We can't bathe.
3 Would you be very kind and answer this letter by return?
4 I am rather old. I can't wear that kind of hat.
5 The ladder wasn't very long. It didn't reach the window.
6 He hadn't much money. He couldn't live on it. (Omit it.)
7 He was furious. He couldn't speak.
8 The fire isn't very hot. It won't boil a kettle.
9 Tom was very foolish. He told lies to the police.
10 You are quite thin. You could slip between the bars.
11 He is very ill. He can't eat anything.
12 Our new car is very wide. It won't get through those gates.
13 The floor wasn't strong. We couldn't dance on it. (Omit it.)
14 I was terrified. I couldn't move.
15 The bull isn't big. He couldn't harm you.
16 The coffee isn't strong. It won't keep us awake.
17 The river is deep. We can't wade it. (Omit it.)
18 He is lazy. He won't get up early.
19 He won't get up early so he never catches the fast train.
20 Would you be very good and forward my letters while I am away?
21 The ice is quite thick. We can walk on it. (Omit it.)
22 He was very drunk. He couldn't answer my question.
23 It is very cold. We can't have breakfast in the garden.
24 He was extremely rash. He set off up the mountain in a thick fog.
25 We aren't very high. We can't see the summit.
26 You aren't very old. You can't understand these things.
27 He was very snobbish. He wouldn't talk to any of us.
28 The package is very thick. I can't push it through the letterbox. (Omit it.)
29 She was very mean. She never gave to charity.
30 He is very impatient. He never listens to anyone.
31 I was very tired. I couldn't walk any further.
32 It's not very dark. We can't see the stars clearly.
33 It was very hot. You could fry an egg on the pavement.
34 The oranges were very bitter. We couldn't eat them. (Omit them.)
35 Would you be very kind and turn down the radio a little?
36 He is very selfish. He wouldn't put himself out for anyone.
7. Complete the sentence with so/such/too/enough.
1. It was _________ good a meal that we left the waiter quite a large tip.
2. It's becoming increasingly clear that there just aren't ________ people willing to buy our products online.
3. I'm quite enjoying my math degree, but I just find statistics _______ boring!
4. Angela seemed to be having _______ a good time at the party that I decided not to tell her how late it was.
5. We've all been working ________ hard on the latest project the manager gave us a couple of extra days off.
6. I worry about my grandparents because they have _______ a lot of health problems.
7. It's ________ early to tell whether the business is going to succeed or not.
8. Set the alarm or we'll never wake up early ______ to catch the first train.
9. I never knew that Andrew had ________ few friends.
10. Everyone was surprised when Dan failed because he's ______ a good student.
8. Choose the correct answer.
1. This soup is too/very salty to eat.
2. Come on! Don't walk so/such slowly.
3. Everything is too/enough expensive these days, isn't it?
4. There are too many/enough questions here! I can't do all of them in ten minutes!
5. It was so/such a boring film that I fell asleep at once.
6. Doctor Smith has too many/so many patients that he's always busy.
7. He ran too/so fast for us to catch him up.
8. They don't have enough/so chairs for all customers.
9. My father has too many/so many things to do that he can't come back home tonight.
10. They drank such a lot of/too much wine that they couldn't walk.
9. Rewrite these sentences using the cues provided with SO / SUCH / TOO / ENOUGH.
1. The box is very heavy. I can’t carry it.
→ The box is too ____________________________.
2. The movie was very boring. We fell asleep.
→ It was such ______________________________.
3. She speaks very softly. Nobody can hear her.
→ She speaks too ___________________________.
4. The coffee is very hot. I can’t drink it.
→ The coffee is too _________________________.
5. The test was very easy. All students finished it quickly.
→ It was such ______________________________.
6. He ran very fast. Nobody could catch him.
→ He ran so _______________________________.
7. There was a lot of noise. I couldn’t study.
→ There was so ____________________________.
8. The water is quite warm. We can swim in it.
→ The water is warm enough ________________.
9. The girl is very intelligent. She can solve the problem easily.
→ The girl is intelligent enough _____________.
10. The bag is very expensive. I can’t buy it.
→ It is such _______________________________.
11. The room was very dark. We couldn’t see anything.
→ The room was too ________________________.
12. He is very strong. He can lift the table alone.
→ He is strong enough _____________________.
13. The weather was very nice. We went for a picnic.
→ The weather was so ______________________.
14. She had a lot of homework. She stayed up late.
→ She had so ______________________________.
15. The story is very interesting. I want to read it again.
→ It is such _______________________________.
10. Rewrite these sentences using the cues provided with SO / SUCH / TOO / ENOUGH.
1. The bag is very heavy. I can’t lift it.
→ The bag is too ____________________________.
2. The weather was very bad. We stayed at home.
→ It was such ______________________________.
3. He drives very fast. We can’t follow him.
→ He drives too ____________________________.
4. The soup is very hot. I can’t eat it.
→ The soup is too ___________________________.
5. The book was very interesting. Everyone wanted to read it.
→ It was such ______________________________.
6. The boy is very young. He can’t go to school alone.
→ The boy is too ___________________________.
7. She is very kind. Everybody likes her.
→ She is so ________________________________.
8. There were a lot of people. We couldn’t find a seat.
→ There were so ____________________________.
9. The room is very small. We can’t put all the furniture in it.
→ The room is too __________________________.
10. He has a lot of money. He can buy a new car.
→ He has enough ___________________________.
11. The question was very difficult. Nobody could answer it.
→ It was such ______________________________.
12. She isn’t tall. She can’t reach the shelf.
→ She isn’t tall enough _____________________.
13. Tom ran very quickly. Nobody could catch him.
→ Tom ran so ______________________________.
14. The tea is very cold. I can drink it now.
→ The tea is cool enough ____________________.
15. The exercise was very easy. All the students did it well.
→ It was so ________________________________.
Đáp án có trong File Tải về.
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